Hepatitis E Virus Immunopathogenesis.
hepatitis E
immunocompromised
in vitro
in vivo
models
pregnant
Journal
Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland)
ISSN: 2076-0817
Titre abrégé: Pathogens
Pays: Switzerland
ID NLM: 101596317
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
13 Sep 2021
13 Sep 2021
Historique:
received:
03
08
2021
revised:
05
09
2021
accepted:
06
09
2021
entrez:
28
9
2021
pubmed:
29
9
2021
medline:
29
9
2021
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Hepatitis E virus is an important emerging pathogen producing a lethal impact on the pregnant population and immunocompromised patients. Starting in 1983, it has been described as the cause for acute hepatitis transmitted via the fecal-oral route. However, zoonotic and blood transfusion transmission of HEV have been reported in the past few decades, leading to the detailed research of HEV pathogenesis. The reason behind HEV being highly virulent to the pregnant population particularly during the third trimester, leading to maternal and fetal death, remains unknown. Various host factors (immunological, nutritional, hormonal) and viral factors have been studied to define the key determinants assisting HEV to be virulent in pregnant and immunocompromised patients. Similarly, chronic hepatitis is seen particularly in solid organ transplant patients, resulting in fatal conditions. This review describes recent advances in the immunopathophysiology of HEV infections in general, pregnant, and immunocompromised populations, and further elucidates the in vitro and in vivo models utilized to understand HEV pathogenesis.
Identifiants
pubmed: 34578211
pii: pathogens10091180
doi: 10.3390/pathogens10091180
pmc: PMC8465319
pii:
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Subventions
Organisme : NIAID NIH HHS
ID : R21 AI151736
Pays : United States
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