Assessment of astrocytes as a mediator of memory and learning in rodents.
astrocytes
gliotransmission
learning and memory
metabolism
volume transmission
Journal
Glia
ISSN: 1098-1136
Titre abrégé: Glia
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 8806785
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
08 2022
08 2022
Historique:
revised:
15
09
2021
received:
01
06
2021
accepted:
16
09
2021
pubmed:
29
9
2021
medline:
25
6
2022
entrez:
28
9
2021
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
The classical view of astrocytes is that they provide supportive functions for neurons, transporting metabolites and maintaining the homeostasis of the extracellular milieu. This view is gradually changing with the advent of molecular genetics and optical methods allowing interrogation of selected cell types in live experimental animals. An emerging view that astrocytes additionally act as a mediator of synaptic plasticity and contribute to learning processes has gained in vitro and in vivo experimental support. Here we focus on the literature published in the past two decades to review the roles of astrocytes in brain plasticity in rodents, whereby the roles of neurotransmitters and neuromodulators are considered to be comparable to those in humans. We outline established inputs and outputs of astrocytes and discuss how manipulations of astrocytes have impacted the behavior in various learning paradigms. Multiple studies suggest that the contribution of astrocytes has a considerably longer time course than neuronal activation, indicating metabolic roles of astrocytes. We advocate that exploring upstream and downstream mechanisms of astrocytic activation will further provide insight into brain plasticity and memory/learning impairment.
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
1484-1505Informations de copyright
© 2021 Wiley Periodicals LLC.
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