Autoantibody-associated psychiatric symptoms and syndromes in adults: A narrative review and proposed diagnostic approach.
Autoantibodies
Autoimmune psychosis
Autoimmunity
Psychiatric symptoms
Psychiatric syndrome
Journal
Brain, behavior, & immunity - health
ISSN: 2666-3546
Titre abrégé: Brain Behav Immun Health
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 101759062
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Dec 2020
Dec 2020
Historique:
received:
23
09
2020
accepted:
26
09
2020
entrez:
30
9
2021
pubmed:
1
10
2021
medline:
1
10
2021
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Autoimmune-mediated encephalitis is a disease that often encompasses psychiatric symptoms as its first clinical manifestation's predominant and isolated characteristic. Novel guidelines even distinguish autoimmune psychosis from autoimmune encephalitis. The aim of this review is thus to explore whether a wide range of psychiatric symptoms and syndromes are associated or correlate with autoantibodies. We conducted a PubMed search to identify appropriate articles concerning serum and/or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) autoantibodies associated with psychiatric symptoms and syndromes between 2000 and 2020. Relying on this data, we developed a diagnostic approach to optimize the detection of autoantibodies in psychiatric patients, potentially leading to the approval of an immunotherapy. We detected 10 major psychiatric symptoms and syndromes often reported to be associated with serum and/or CSF autoantibodies comprising altered consciousness, disorientation, memory impairment, obsessive-compulsive behavior, psychosis, catatonia, mood dysfunction, anxiety, behavioral abnormalities (autism, hyperkinetic), and sleeping dysfunction. The following psychiatric diagnoses were associated with serum and/or CSF autoantibodies: psychosis and schizophrenia spectrum disorders, mood disorders, minor and major neurocognitive impairment, obsessive-compulsive disorder, autism spectrum disorders (ASD), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), anxiety disorders, eating disorders and addiction. By relying on these symptom clusters and diagnoses in terms of onset and their duration, we classified a subacute or subchronic psychiatric syndrome in patients that should be screened for autoantibodies. We propose further diagnostics entailing CSF analysis, electroencephalography and magnetic resonance imaging of the brain. Exploiting these technologies enables standardized and accurate diagnosis of autoantibody-associated psychiatric symptoms and syndromes to deliver early immunotherapy. We have developed a clinical diagnostic pathway for classifying subgroups of psychiatric patients whose psychiatric symptoms indicate a suspected autoimmune origin.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
BACKGROUND
Autoimmune-mediated encephalitis is a disease that often encompasses psychiatric symptoms as its first clinical manifestation's predominant and isolated characteristic. Novel guidelines even distinguish autoimmune psychosis from autoimmune encephalitis. The aim of this review is thus to explore whether a wide range of psychiatric symptoms and syndromes are associated or correlate with autoantibodies.
METHODS
METHODS
We conducted a PubMed search to identify appropriate articles concerning serum and/or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) autoantibodies associated with psychiatric symptoms and syndromes between 2000 and 2020. Relying on this data, we developed a diagnostic approach to optimize the detection of autoantibodies in psychiatric patients, potentially leading to the approval of an immunotherapy.
RESULTS
RESULTS
We detected 10 major psychiatric symptoms and syndromes often reported to be associated with serum and/or CSF autoantibodies comprising altered consciousness, disorientation, memory impairment, obsessive-compulsive behavior, psychosis, catatonia, mood dysfunction, anxiety, behavioral abnormalities (autism, hyperkinetic), and sleeping dysfunction. The following psychiatric diagnoses were associated with serum and/or CSF autoantibodies: psychosis and schizophrenia spectrum disorders, mood disorders, minor and major neurocognitive impairment, obsessive-compulsive disorder, autism spectrum disorders (ASD), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), anxiety disorders, eating disorders and addiction. By relying on these symptom clusters and diagnoses in terms of onset and their duration, we classified a subacute or subchronic psychiatric syndrome in patients that should be screened for autoantibodies. We propose further diagnostics entailing CSF analysis, electroencephalography and magnetic resonance imaging of the brain. Exploiting these technologies enables standardized and accurate diagnosis of autoantibody-associated psychiatric symptoms and syndromes to deliver early immunotherapy.
CONCLUSIONS
CONCLUSIONS
We have developed a clinical diagnostic pathway for classifying subgroups of psychiatric patients whose psychiatric symptoms indicate a suspected autoimmune origin.
Identifiants
pubmed: 34589896
doi: 10.1016/j.bbih.2020.100154
pii: S2666-3546(20)30119-8
pmc: PMC8474611
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Pagination
100154Informations de copyright
© 2020 The Author(s).
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
The authors declare no conflict of interest.
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