Effects of Bisphenols on RACK1 Expression and Their Immunological Implications in THP-1 Cells.
AR
GPER
RACK1
bisphenols
endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs)
hormone effects
immune function
immunotoxicity
Journal
Frontiers in pharmacology
ISSN: 1663-9812
Titre abrégé: Front Pharmacol
Pays: Switzerland
ID NLM: 101548923
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
2021
2021
Historique:
received:
19
07
2021
accepted:
08
09
2021
entrez:
8
10
2021
pubmed:
9
10
2021
medline:
9
10
2021
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Receptor for activated C kinase 1 (RACK1) has an important role in immune activation, and is regulated through a balance between glucocorticoid and androgen levels. We have previously demonstrated that RACK1 expression can serve as a marker for evaluation of immunotoxic profiles of hormone-active substances, such as endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs). In this study, we investigated the effects of three bisphenols (BPA, BPAF, BPS) on RACK1 expression and on the innate immune responses in the THP-1 human promyelocytic cell line, a validated model for this investigation. BPA and BPAF reduced RACK1 promoter transcriptional activity, mRNA expression, and protein levels. However, BPS had the opposite effect. As expected, these results on RACK1 were paralleled by lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced interleukin-8 (IL-8) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα) production. Since BPA and BPAF induced RACK1 expression in the presence of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) antagonist mifepristone, a role of G-protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) has been considered due to their known estrogenic profile. Therefore, additional molecular effects of BPA and BPAF were unmasked after treatment with different inhibitors of well-known pivotal players of GPER-mediated signaling. BPA exerted its effects on RACK1
Identifiants
pubmed: 34621174
doi: 10.3389/fphar.2021.743991
pii: 743991
pmc: PMC8490885
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Pagination
743991Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2021 Buoso, Kenda, Masi, Linciano, Galbiati, Racchi, Dolenc and Corsini.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.
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