Long-term effect of exposure to lower concentrations of air pollution on mortality among US Medicare participants and vulnerable subgroups: a doubly-robust approach.
Journal
The Lancet. Planetary health
ISSN: 2542-5196
Titre abrégé: Lancet Planet Health
Pays: Netherlands
ID NLM: 101704339
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
10 2021
10 2021
Historique:
received:
13
02
2021
revised:
08
07
2021
accepted:
15
07
2021
entrez:
10
10
2021
pubmed:
11
10
2021
medline:
22
3
2022
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Long-term exposure to air pollution has been linked with an increase in risk of mortality. Whether existing US Environmental Protection Agency standards are sufficient to protect health is unclear. Our study aimed to examine the relationship between exposure to lower concentrations of air pollution and the risk of mortality. Our nationwide cohort study investigated the effect of annual average exposure to air pollutants on all-cause mortality among Medicare enrolees from the beginning of 2000 to the end of 2016. Patients entered the cohort in the month of January following enrolment and were followed up until the end of the study period in 2016 or death. We restricted our analyses to participants who had only been exposed to lower concentrations of pollutants over the study period, specifically particulate matter less than 2·5 μg/m We found an increased risk of mortality with all three pollutants. Each 1 μg/m The US Environmental Protection Agency, National Institute of Environmental Health Services, and Health Effects Institute.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
Long-term exposure to air pollution has been linked with an increase in risk of mortality. Whether existing US Environmental Protection Agency standards are sufficient to protect health is unclear. Our study aimed to examine the relationship between exposure to lower concentrations of air pollution and the risk of mortality.
METHODS
Our nationwide cohort study investigated the effect of annual average exposure to air pollutants on all-cause mortality among Medicare enrolees from the beginning of 2000 to the end of 2016. Patients entered the cohort in the month of January following enrolment and were followed up until the end of the study period in 2016 or death. We restricted our analyses to participants who had only been exposed to lower concentrations of pollutants over the study period, specifically particulate matter less than 2·5 μg/m
FINDINGS
We found an increased risk of mortality with all three pollutants. Each 1 μg/m
FUNDING
The US Environmental Protection Agency, National Institute of Environmental Health Services, and Health Effects Institute.
Identifiants
pubmed: 34627473
pii: S2542-5196(21)00204-7
doi: 10.1016/S2542-5196(21)00204-7
pmc: PMC8525655
mid: NIHMS1746889
pii:
doi:
Substances chimiques
Particulate Matter
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
e689-e697Subventions
Organisme : NIEHS NIH HHS
ID : P30 ES000002
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIEHS NIH HHS
ID : P30 ES019776
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIA NIH HHS
ID : R01 AG074357
Pays : United States
Organisme : EPA
ID : R835872
Pays : United States
Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 license. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
Declaration of interests JDS has appeared as an expert witness on behalf of the US Department of Justice in cases involving violations of the Clean Air Act. FD has received consulting and speaking fees from Johnson and Johnson, Colgate, Sanofi, and Visa, but for research topics that are not related to the one of this Article. All other authors declare no competing interests.
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