Reinvestigating the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis by a composite model constructed on the Armey curve hypothesis with government spending for the US States.
The Armey curve hypothesis
the EKC hypothesis
Journal
Environmental science and pollution research international
ISSN: 1614-7499
Titre abrégé: Environ Sci Pollut Res Int
Pays: Germany
ID NLM: 9441769
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Mar 2022
Mar 2022
Historique:
received:
07
06
2021
accepted:
21
09
2021
pubmed:
16
10
2021
medline:
12
2
2022
entrez:
15
10
2021
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
This study reinvestigates the EKC hypothesis for US states with a new methodology that differs from all previous empirical studies using traditional EKC models. To this aim, this methodology, for the first time, unifies two seemingly different but strongly interrelated hypotheses (models), namely the Armey curve (AC) and traditional EKC models, into one single composite model. The rationale for creating this composite model is twofold. First, the functional propositions of these two hypotheses are depicted with inverted U-shaped curves. Second, they also have economically interrelated-causal relationships. This means that rising government spending (through the AC hypothesis) increases real GDP per capita (RGDPPC) and, consequently, increases in RGDPPC (through the EKC hypothesis) increase CO
Identifiants
pubmed: 34651268
doi: 10.1007/s11356-021-16720-2
pii: 10.1007/s11356-021-16720-2
doi:
Substances chimiques
Carbon Dioxide
142M471B3J
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
16472-16483Informations de copyright
© 2021. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.
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