Type 2 diabetes burden among migrants in Europe: unravelling the causal pathways.
Ethnic minority groups
Europe
Migrants
Review
Type 2 diabetes
Journal
Diabetologia
ISSN: 1432-0428
Titre abrégé: Diabetologia
Pays: Germany
ID NLM: 0006777
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
12 2021
12 2021
Historique:
received:
25
05
2021
accepted:
17
08
2021
pubmed:
18
10
2021
medline:
1
4
2022
entrez:
17
10
2021
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
European populations are ethnically and culturally diverse due to international migration. Evidence indicates large ethnic inequalities in the prevalence of type 2 diabetes. This review discusses the burden of type 2 diabetes and its related complications, and the potential explanatory mechanisms among migrants in Europe. The current available data suggest that the rate of type 2 diabetes is higher in all migrant groups and that they develop this disease at an earlier age than the host European populations. The level of diabetes awareness among migrant populations is high, but glycaemic control remains suboptimal compared with Europeans. The culturally adapted lifestyle modification intervention trials to prevent type 2 diabetes mainly focus on South Asian adults in Europe. Diabetes-related microvascular and macrovascular complications remain a major burden among migrant populations in Europe. Earlier studies found higher mortality rates among migrants, but recent studies seem to suggest a shifting trend in favour of first-generation migrants. However, the extent of the burden of type 2 diabetes varies across migrant groups and European countries. Despite the higher burden of type 2 diabetes among migrants, the key underlying factors are not well understood mainly due to limited investment in basic science research and development of prospective cohort studies. We hypothesise that the underlying risk factors for the high burden of type 2 diabetes and its related complications in migrants are multifaceted and include pre-migration factors, post-migration factors and genetic predispositions. Given the multi-ethnic nature of the current European population, there is a clear need for investment in research among migrant populations to gain insight into factors driving the high burden of type 2 diabetes and related complications to facilitate prevention and treatment efforts in Europe.
Identifiants
pubmed: 34657183
doi: 10.1007/s00125-021-05586-1
pii: 10.1007/s00125-021-05586-1
pmc: PMC8563673
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
2665-2675Informations de copyright
© 2021. The Author(s).
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