Appraisal of pollution of potentially toxic elements in different soils collected around the industrial area.
Ecological risk assessment
Geoaccumulation index
Multivariate statistical analysis
Potentially toxic elements
Journal
Heliyon
ISSN: 2405-8440
Titre abrégé: Heliyon
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101672560
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Oct 2021
Oct 2021
Historique:
received:
18
02
2021
revised:
24
08
2021
accepted:
29
09
2021
entrez:
18
10
2021
pubmed:
19
10
2021
medline:
19
10
2021
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
It is imperative to understand the pollution of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in different soils in order to determine the sustainable management approaches for soils. Potentially toxic elements (Fe, Mn, As, Pb, Zn, Ni, Cu, Cr, Co and Cd) were determined in agricultural, non-agricultural and industrial soils of Punjab, India. The concentration of PTEs at industrial soils were highest followed by non-agricultural and agricultural soils. The percentage change recorded from agricultural to non-agricultural soils for PTEs were 3.19% for Fe, 25.3% for Mn, 63.8% for Cu, 13.5% for Cr, 49.8% for Pb, 79.6% for Ni, 35.8% for Co and 32% for Cd. From non-agricultural to industrial soils, the percentage change observed for PTEs were 89% for Zn, 2.03% for Fe, 21.9% for Mn, 68.2% Cu, 9.2% for Cr, 35.8% for Pb, 18.4% for Co, 30.4% for Cd and 43.4% for As. The results of contamination factor, enrichment factor, geo-accumulation index, pollution and modified pollution indices also resulted severe contamination of Cd and As in all soil types. Ecological risk assessment results revealed that Cd exhibited very high risk in different soil types. The outcomes of this study will aid in forming approaches to decline the perils allied with PTEs in soils, and produce guidelines to save the environment from long term accrual of PTEs.
Identifiants
pubmed: 34660932
doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e08122
pii: S2405-8440(21)02225-8
pmc: PMC8502907
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Pagination
e08122Informations de copyright
© 2021 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
The authors declare no conflict of interest.
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