Comprehensive medical evaluation of pediatric bilateral sensorineural hearing loss.
EKG
SNHL
bilateral sensorineural hearing loss
genetic testing
imaging
medical evaluation
medical workup
pediatric sensorineural hearing loss
Journal
Laryngoscope investigative otolaryngology
ISSN: 2378-8038
Titre abrégé: Laryngoscope Investig Otolaryngol
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 101684963
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Oct 2021
Oct 2021
Historique:
received:
04
07
2021
revised:
30
08
2021
accepted:
31
08
2021
entrez:
20
10
2021
pubmed:
21
10
2021
medline:
21
10
2021
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Children with bilateral sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) should undergo a comprehensive medical evaluation to determine the underlying etiology and help guide treatment and counseling. In this article, we review the indications and rationale for medical evaluation of pediatric bilateral SNHL, including history and physical examination, imaging, genetic testing, specialist referrals, cytomegalovirus (CMV) testing, and other laboratory tests. Workup begins with a history and physical examination, which can provide clues to the etiology of SNHL, particularly with syndromic causes. If SNHL is diagnosed within the first 3 weeks of life, CMV testing should be performed to identify patients that may benefit from antiviral treatment. If SNHL is diagnosed after 3 weeks, testing can be done using dried blood spots samples, if testing capability is available. Genetic testing is oftentimes successful in identifying causes of hearing loss as a result of recent technological advances in testing and an ever-increasing number of identified genes and genetic mutations. Therefore, where available, genetic testing should be performed, ideally with next generation sequencing techniques. Ophthalmological evaluation must be done on all children with SNHL. Imaging (high-resolution computed tomography and/or magnetic resonance imaging) should be performed to assess for anatomic causes of hearing loss and to determine candidacy for cochlear implantation when indicated. Laboratory testing is indicated for certain etiologies, but should not be ordered indiscriminately since the yield overall is low.
Identifiants
pubmed: 34667865
doi: 10.1002/lio2.657
pii: LIO2657
pmc: PMC8513426
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Pagination
1196-1207Informations de copyright
© 2021 The Authors. Laryngoscope Investigative Otolaryngology published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of The Triological Society.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
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