Snitches Get Stitches and End Up in Ditches: A Systematic Review of the Factors Associated With Whistleblowing Intentions.

intentions organizational reporting whistleblower wrongdoing

Journal

Frontiers in psychology
ISSN: 1664-1078
Titre abrégé: Front Psychol
Pays: Switzerland
ID NLM: 101550902

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
2021
Historique:
received: 20 11 2020
accepted: 22 06 2021
entrez: 22 10 2021
pubmed: 23 10 2021
medline: 23 10 2021
Statut: epublish

Résumé

Blowing the whistle on corruption or wrongdoing can facilitate the detection, investigation, and then prosecution of a violation that may have otherwise gone undetected. The purpose of this systematic review was to identify the factors that are associated with intentions to blow the whistle on wrongdoing. We searched Academic Search Premier, CINAHL Complete, Education Research Complete, ERIC, Medline, PsycARTICLES, PsycINFO, Regional Business News, and SPORTDiscus in January 2020. The quality of evidence was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias tool. Of the 9,136 records identified, 217 studies were included in this systematic review. We identified 8 dimensions, 26 higher-order themes, and 119 lower-order themes. The whistleblowing dimensions were personal factors, organizational factors, cost and benefits, outcome expectancies, the offense, reporting, the wrongdoer, and social factors. Based on the findings, it is apparent that organizations should empower, educate, protect, support, and reward those who blow the whistle, in order to increase the likelihood on individuals blowing the whistle on corruption and wrongdoing. A combined approach may increase whistleblowing intentions, although research is required to test this assertion. From a policy perspective, more consistent protection is required across different countries.

Identifiants

pubmed: 34675830
doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.631538
pmc: PMC8523783
doi:

Types de publication

Systematic Review

Langues

eng

Pagination

631538

Informations de copyright

Copyright © 2021 Nicholls, Fairs, Toner, Jones, Mantis, Barkoukis, Perry, Micle, Theodorou, Shakhverdieva, Stoicescu, Vesic, Dikic, Andjelkovic, Grimau, Amigo and Schomöller.

Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

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Auteurs

Adam R Nicholls (AR)

Department of Sport, Health, and Exercise Science, University of Hull, Hull, United Kingdom.

Lucas R W Fairs (LRW)

Department of Sport, Health, and Exercise Science, University of Hull, Hull, United Kingdom.

John Toner (J)

Department of Sport, Health, and Exercise Science, University of Hull, Hull, United Kingdom.

Luke Jones (L)

Department of Sport, Health, and Exercise Science, University of Hull, Hull, United Kingdom.

Constantine Mantis (C)

Department of Sport, Health, and Exercise Science, University of Hull, Hull, United Kingdom.

Vassilis Barkoukis (V)

Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.

John L Perry (JL)

Department of Psychology, Mary Immaculate College, Limerick, Ireland.

Andrei V Micle (AV)

Romanian National Anti-Doping Agency, Bucharest, Romania.

Nikolaos C Theodorou (NC)

KEA Fair Play Code Hallas, Athens, Greece.

Sabina Shakhverdieva (S)

KEA Fair Play Code Hallas, Athens, Greece.

Marius Stoicescu (M)

Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, National University of Physical Education and Sports, Bucharest, Romania.

Milica V Vesic (MV)

Anti-Doping Agency of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia.

Nenad Dikic (N)

Anti-Doping Agency of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia.

Marija Andjelkovic (M)

Anti-Doping Agency of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia.

Elena García Grimau (EG)

Agencia Española de Protección de la Saluden el Deporte, Madrid, Spain.

Javier A Amigo (JA)

Agencia Española de Protección de la Saluden el Deporte, Madrid, Spain.

Anne Schomöller (A)

International Council of Sport Science and Physical Education, Berlin, Germany.

Classifications MeSH