Effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines and their challenges (Review).
adverse effects
coronavirus-19
immunity
mRNA
pandemic
vaccines
Journal
Experimental and therapeutic medicine
ISSN: 1792-1015
Titre abrégé: Exp Ther Med
Pays: Greece
ID NLM: 101531947
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Dec 2021
Dec 2021
Historique:
received:
17
05
2021
accepted:
24
08
2021
entrez:
22
10
2021
pubmed:
23
10
2021
medline:
23
10
2021
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
At the end of 2019, a new disease recognized such as severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), was reported in Wuhan, China. This disease was caused by an unknown SARS coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2); a virus is characterized by high infectivity among humans. In some cases, this disease can be asymptomatic, while in other cases can induce flu-like symptoms or acute respiratory distress syndrome, pneumonia and death. For this reason, the World Health Organization and Public Health Emergency of International Concern declared a pandemic status in January 2020. Currently, numerous countries have been involved in the development of effective vaccines to protect humans against SARS-CoV-2 infection. The present review will discuss the four vaccines, AZD1222 (AstraZeneca or Vaxzevria), Janssen (Ad26.COV2.S), Moderna/mRNA-1273 and BioNTech/Fosun/Pfizer BNT162b1, that are currently in use worldwide to understand their efficacy, but also evaluate the difficulties and challenges of vaccine development. Although several questions should be addressed regarding these vaccines, the current review will examine the viral elements used in the coronavirus-19 vaccine that can play a crucial role in inducing a strong immune response, as well as the different adverse effects that they can cause to individuals.
Identifiants
pubmed: 34676000
doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.10843
pii: ETM-22-6-10843
pmc: PMC8524740
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Pagination
1407Informations de copyright
Copyright: © Marfe et al.
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