Invasive Research on Non-Human Primates-Time to Turn the Page.
ethics
invasive research ban
legal protection
principle of the 3Rs
welfare
Journal
Animals : an open access journal from MDPI
ISSN: 2076-2615
Titre abrégé: Animals (Basel)
Pays: Switzerland
ID NLM: 101635614
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
19 Oct 2021
19 Oct 2021
Historique:
received:
09
08
2021
revised:
06
10
2021
accepted:
16
10
2021
entrez:
23
10
2021
pubmed:
24
10
2021
medline:
24
10
2021
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Invasive research on primates (i.e., laboratory research that implies body manipulations causing pain or distress that is not aimed to directly improve the individuals' well-being) has a long history. Although some invasive studies have allowed answering research questions that we could not have addressed with other methods (or at least not as quickly), the use of primates in invasive research also raises ethical concerns. In this review, we will discuss (i) recent advances in the study of primates that show evidence of complex behaviour and cognition, (ii) welfare issues that might arise when using primates in invasive research, (iii) the main ethical issues that have been raised about invasive research on primates, (iv) the legal protection that primates are granted in several countries, with a special focus on the principle of the 3Rs, and (v) previous and current attempts to ban the use of primates in invasive research. Based on this analysis, we suggest that the importance of a research question cannot justify the costs of invasive research on primates, and that non-invasive methods should be considered the only possible approach in the study of primates.
Identifiants
pubmed: 34680019
pii: ani11102999
doi: 10.3390/ani11102999
pmc: PMC8532895
pii:
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Subventions
Organisme : Generalitat de Catalunya
ID : 2017 SGR-1040
Organisme : Universitat Rovira i Virgili
ID : 2019PFR-URV91
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