Hepatocyte Polyploidy: Driver or Gatekeeper of Chronic Liver Diseases.
DNA damage response
cell cycle
centrosome
hepatocellular carcinoma
hepatocytes
polyploidy
Journal
Cancers
ISSN: 2072-6694
Titre abrégé: Cancers (Basel)
Pays: Switzerland
ID NLM: 101526829
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
14 Oct 2021
14 Oct 2021
Historique:
received:
13
09
2021
revised:
11
10
2021
accepted:
11
10
2021
entrez:
23
10
2021
pubmed:
24
10
2021
medline:
24
10
2021
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Polyploidy, also known as whole-genome amplification, is a condition in which the organism has more than two basic sets of chromosomes. Polyploidy frequently arises during tissue development and repair, and in age-associated diseases, such as cancer. Its consequences are diverse and clearly different between systems. The liver is a particularly fascinating organ in that it can adapt its ploidy to the physiological and pathological context. Polyploid hepatocytes are characterized in terms of the number of nuclei per cell (cellular ploidy; mononucleate/binucleate hepatocytes) and the number of chromosome sets in each nucleus (nuclear ploidy; diploid, tetraploid, octoploid). The advantages and disadvantages of polyploidy in mammals are not fully understood. About 30% of the hepatocytes in the human liver are polyploid. In this review, we explore the mechanisms underlying the development of polyploid cells, our current understanding of the regulation of polyploidization during development and pathophysiology and its consequences for liver function. We will also provide data shedding light on the ways in which polyploid hepatocytes cope with centrosome amplification. Finally, we discuss recent discoveries highlighting the possible roles of liver polyploidy in protecting against tumor formation, or, conversely, contributing to liver tumorigenesis.
Identifiants
pubmed: 34680300
pii: cancers13205151
doi: 10.3390/cancers13205151
pmc: PMC8534039
pii:
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Subventions
Organisme : Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale
ID : EQU201903007824
Organisme : French National Cancer Institute
ID : PRTK-2017, PLBIO18-107
Organisme : Agence Nationale de Recherche
ID : ANR-16-CE14 ; ANR-19-CE14-0044-01
Organisme : French National Cancer Institute
ID : INCA PLBIO SPV 194425
Organisme : Université de Paris IDEX
ID : IdEx #ANR-18-IDEX-0001
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