The Effects of Income Level on Susceptibility to COVID-19 and COVID-19 Morbidity/Mortality: A Nationwide Cohort Study in South Korea.
COVID-19
case-control studies
cohort studies
healthcare disparities
morbidity
mortality
Journal
Journal of clinical medicine
ISSN: 2077-0383
Titre abrégé: J Clin Med
Pays: Switzerland
ID NLM: 101606588
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
15 Oct 2021
15 Oct 2021
Historique:
received:
26
08
2021
revised:
12
10
2021
accepted:
13
10
2021
entrez:
23
10
2021
pubmed:
24
10
2021
medline:
24
10
2021
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
This study aimed to investigate the association of income level with susceptibility to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and COVID-19 morbidity and mortality. Using the Korean National Health Insurance COVID-19 Database cohort, medical claim data from 2015 through 2020 were collected. A total of 7943 patients who were diagnosed with COVID-19 from 1 January 2020 to 4 June 2020 were included. A total of 118,914 participants had negative COVID-19 PCR tests. Income levels were classified by 20th percentiles based on 2019 Korean National Health Insurance premiums. The 20th percentile income levels were categorized into three groups (low, middle, and high). The relationship of income level with susceptibility to COVID-19 and COVID-19 morbidity and mortality was analyzed using logistic regression analysis. A high income level was related to lower odds of COVID-19 infection (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 0.79, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.75-0.83,
Identifiants
pubmed: 34682855
pii: jcm10204733
doi: 10.3390/jcm10204733
pmc: PMC8541024
pii:
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Subventions
Organisme : National Research Foundation of Korea
ID : NRF-2018-R1D1A1A02085328 and 2021-R1C1C100498611
Références
Psychol Bull. 2004 Jul;130(4):601-30
pubmed: 15250815
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Jan 12;18(2):
pubmed: 33445701
JAMA Netw Open. 2020 Oct 1;3(10):e2025197
pubmed: 33084902
Am J Epidemiol. 2011 Mar 15;173(6):676-82
pubmed: 21330339
Nat Med. 2020 Apr;26(4):458
pubmed: 32284617
Public Health Nutr. 2020 Dec;23(17):3236-3240
pubmed: 32895072
Lancet. 2020 Apr 18;395(10232):1243-1244
pubmed: 32305087
Clin Exp Otorhinolaryngol. 2020 May;13(2):95-105
pubmed: 32434310
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Jan 30;18(3):
pubmed: 33573323
Public Health. 2020 Jun;183:110-111
pubmed: 32502699
JAMA. 2020 Jun 2;323(21):2191-2192
pubmed: 32338732
Lancet Respir Med. 2020 Jul;8(7):659-661
pubmed: 32437646
JAMA. 2020 Jun 23;323(24):2466-2467
pubmed: 32391864
PLoS One. 2021 Mar 31;16(3):e0248336
pubmed: 33788848
Postgrad Med J. 2005 Mar;81(953):141-7
pubmed: 15749788
BMC Public Health. 2018 Feb 13;18(1):250
pubmed: 29439681
Health Aff (Millwood). 2004 Jul-Aug;23(4):223-33
pubmed: 15318584
Lancet Public Health. 2020 Apr;5(4):e186-e187
pubmed: 32171054
J Prev Med Public Health. 2020 Jul;53(4):220-227
pubmed: 32752590
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2020 Aug 18;117(33):19658-19660
pubmed: 32727905
Am J Prev Med. 2020 Jul;59(1):137-139
pubmed: 32430225
Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2020 Sep;17(9):520-522
pubmed: 32541960
Rev Bras Epidemiol. 2020 Oct 05;23:e200095
pubmed: 33027434
Int Health. 2021 Mar 03;:
pubmed: 33684196
BMJ Evid Based Med. 2020 Jun 3;:
pubmed: 32493833
Eur Respir J. 2020 Dec 24;56(6):
pubmed: 33154032
BJPsych Open. 2021 Feb 15;7(2):e50
pubmed: 33583484
Eur J Health Econ. 2021 Apr;22(3):455-462
pubmed: 33590424
Tob Control. 2020 Aug 21;:
pubmed: 32826387