Stigma toward people with COVID-19 among the Lebanese population: a cross-sectional study of correlates and mediating effects.
COVID-19
Discrimination
Pandemic
Self-stigma
Stigma
Journal
BMC psychology
ISSN: 2050-7283
Titre abrégé: BMC Psychol
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101627676
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
22 Oct 2021
22 Oct 2021
Historique:
received:
17
03
2021
accepted:
04
09
2021
entrez:
23
10
2021
pubmed:
24
10
2021
medline:
27
10
2021
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Stigma develops during outbreaks such as the COVID-19 pandemic due to the human fear that arises from the anxiety about a disease of an unknown etiology, with the associated detrimental consequences on both the individual and society. This study was conducted to assess if knowledge about COVID-19, attitude, practice and behavior regarding preventive measures against COVID-19, fear, and anxiety towards COVID-19 will affect the level of stigma and evaluate the mediating effect of fear, anxiety, and diagnosis of COVID-19 on stigma. A cross-sectional online survey conducted between December 20, 2020, and January 05, 2021, enrolled 405 participants recruited from the Lebanese population. Two scales were created and adapted to the Lebanese context to measure the current stigma (stigma discrimination scale, self-stigma scale) toward COVID-19. More than half of the sample had moderate to severe stigma discrimination (62%) and self-stigma (65.9%). The multivariable analysis showed that higher fear of COVID-19 scale (Beta = .143) was significantly associated with a higher stigma discrimination scale. Whereas, higher knowledge score (Beta = -.153) was significantly associated with a lower stigma discrimination scale. Fear of COVID-19, anxiety from COVID-19, being diagnosed with COVID-19, and having a family member with COVID-19 partially mediated the association between knowledge and stigma discrimination scale. No mediation effect of fear and anxiety scale was found between the knowledge and self-stigma score. Our main findings indicate that a considerable proportion of the Lebanese population has stigma discrimination behaviors toward COVID-19 patients and that those who were infected with the virus experienced COVID-19-related stigmatization.
Identifiants
pubmed: 34686218
doi: 10.1186/s40359-021-00646-y
pii: 10.1186/s40359-021-00646-y
pmc: PMC8532089
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
164Informations de copyright
© 2021. The Author(s).
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