Testosterone Therapy With Subcutaneous Injections: A Safe, Practical, and Reasonable Option.
androgen deficiency
androgens
hypogonadism
testosterone replacement therapy
transgender
Journal
The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism
ISSN: 1945-7197
Titre abrégé: J Clin Endocrinol Metab
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 0375362
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
17 02 2022
17 02 2022
Historique:
received:
21
07
2021
pubmed:
27
10
2021
medline:
3
3
2022
entrez:
26
10
2021
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Injections with intramuscular (IM) testosterone esters have been available for almost 8 decades and not only result in predictable serum testosterone levels but are also the most inexpensive modality. However, they are difficult to self-administer and associated with some discomfort. Recently, subcutaneous (SC) administration of testosterone esters has gained popularity, as self-administration is easier with this route. Available data, though limited, support the feasibility of this route. Here we review the pharmacokinetics and safety of SC testosterone therapy with both long- and ultralong-acting testosterone esters. In addition, we provide guidance for clinicians on how to counsel and manage their patients who opt for the SC route. Systematic review of available literature on SC testosterone administration including clinical trials, case series, and case reports. We also review the pharmacology of testosterone absorption after SC administration. Available evidence, though limited, suggests that SC testosterone therapy in doses similar to those given via IM route results in comparable pharmacokinetics and mean serum testosterone levels. With appropriate training, patients should be able to safely self-administer testosterone esters SC with relative ease and less discomfort compared with the IM route. Although studies directly comparing the safety of SC vs IM administration of testosterone esters are desirable, clinicians should consider discussing the SC route with their patients because it is easier to self-administer and has the potential to improve patient adherence.
Identifiants
pubmed: 34698352
pii: 6410585
doi: 10.1210/clinem/dgab772
pmc: PMC9006970
doi:
Substances chimiques
Testosterone
3XMK78S47O
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Systematic Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
614-626Subventions
Organisme : NIA NIH HHS
ID : K24 AG070078
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIH HHS
ID : K24AG070078
Pays : United States
Informations de copyright
© The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Endocrine Society. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.
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