Gut microbiota response to antibiotics is personalized and depends on baseline microbiota.
Antibiotics
Leukemia
Microbiota
Journal
Microbiome
ISSN: 2049-2618
Titre abrégé: Microbiome
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101615147
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
27 10 2021
27 10 2021
Historique:
received:
02
06
2021
accepted:
25
09
2021
entrez:
27
10
2021
pubmed:
28
10
2021
medline:
22
3
2022
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
The magnitude of microbiota perturbations after exposure to antibiotics varies among individuals. It has been suggested that the composition of pre-treatment microbiota underpins personalized responses to antibiotics. However, this hypothesis has not been directly tested in humans. In this high-throughput amplicon study, we analyzed 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequences of 260 stool samples collected twice weekly from 39 patients with acute leukemia during their ~ 4 weeks of hospitalization for chemotherapy while they received multiple antibiotics. Despite heavy and sustained antibiotic pressure, microbial communities in samples from the same patient remained more similar to one another than to those from other patients. Principal component mixed effect regression using microbiota and granular antibiotic exposure data showed that microbiota departures from baseline depend on the composition of the pre-treatment microbiota. Penalized generalized estimating equations identified 6 taxa within pre-treatment microbiota that predicted the extent of antibiotic-induced perturbations. Our results indicate that specific species in pre-treatment microbiota determine personalized microbiota responses to antibiotics in humans. Thus, precision interventions targeting pre-treatment microbiota may prevent antibiotic-induced dysbiosis and its adverse clinical consequences. Video abstract.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
The magnitude of microbiota perturbations after exposure to antibiotics varies among individuals. It has been suggested that the composition of pre-treatment microbiota underpins personalized responses to antibiotics. However, this hypothesis has not been directly tested in humans. In this high-throughput amplicon study, we analyzed 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequences of 260 stool samples collected twice weekly from 39 patients with acute leukemia during their ~ 4 weeks of hospitalization for chemotherapy while they received multiple antibiotics.
RESULTS
Despite heavy and sustained antibiotic pressure, microbial communities in samples from the same patient remained more similar to one another than to those from other patients. Principal component mixed effect regression using microbiota and granular antibiotic exposure data showed that microbiota departures from baseline depend on the composition of the pre-treatment microbiota. Penalized generalized estimating equations identified 6 taxa within pre-treatment microbiota that predicted the extent of antibiotic-induced perturbations.
CONCLUSIONS
Our results indicate that specific species in pre-treatment microbiota determine personalized microbiota responses to antibiotics in humans. Thus, precision interventions targeting pre-treatment microbiota may prevent antibiotic-induced dysbiosis and its adverse clinical consequences. Video abstract.
Identifiants
pubmed: 34702350
doi: 10.1186/s40168-021-01170-2
pii: 10.1186/s40168-021-01170-2
pmc: PMC8549152
doi:
Substances chimiques
Anti-Bacterial Agents
0
RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Video-Audio Media
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
211Subventions
Organisme : Foundation for the National Institutes of Health
ID : KL2TR002492
Organisme : Foundation for the National Institutes of Health
ID : UL1TR002494
Informations de copyright
© 2021. The Author(s).
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