Blockchain for genomics and healthcare: a literature review, current status, classification and open issues.
Blockchain
DNA sequencing
Data sharing
Genomic data privacy
Homomorphic encryption
Smart contracts
Journal
PeerJ
ISSN: 2167-8359
Titre abrégé: PeerJ
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 101603425
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
2021
2021
Historique:
received:
17
02
2021
accepted:
17
08
2021
entrez:
27
10
2021
pubmed:
28
10
2021
medline:
28
10
2021
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
The tremendous boost in the next generation sequencing technologies and in the "omics" technologies resulted in the generation of hundreds of gigabytes of data per day. Nowadays, via integrating -omics data with other data types, such as imaging and electronic health record (EHR) data, panomics studies attempt to identify novel and potentially actionable biomarkers for personalized medicine applications. In this respect, for the accurate analysis of -omics data and EHR, there is a need to establish secure and robust pipelines that take the ethical aspects into consideration, regulate privacy and ownership issues, and data sharing. These days, blockchain technology has picked up significant attention in diverse fields, including genomics, since it offers a new solution for these problems from a different perspective. Blockchain is an immutable transaction ledger, which offers secure and distributed system without a central authority. Within the system, each transaction can be expressed with cryptographically signed blocks, and the verification of transactions is performed by the users of the network. In this review, firstly, we aim to highlight the challenges of EHR and genomic data sharing. Secondly, we attempt to answer "Why" or "Why not" the blockchain technology is suitable for genomics and healthcare applications in detail. Thirdly, we elucidate the general blockchain structure based on the Ethereum, which is a more suitable technology for the genomic data sharing platforms. Fourthly, we review current blockchain-based EHR and genomic data sharing platforms, evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of these applications, and classify these applications using different metrics. Finally, we conclude by discussing the open issues and introducing our suggestion on the topic. In summary, to facilitate the diagnosis, monitoring and therapy of diseases with the effective analysis of -omics data with other available data types, through this review, we put forward the possible implications of the blockchain technology to life sciences and healthcare.
Identifiants
pubmed: 34703661
doi: 10.7717/peerj.12130
pii: 12130
pmc: PMC8487622
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Pagination
e12130Informations de copyright
©2021 Adanur Dedeturk et al.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
Burcu Bakir-Gungor is an Academic Editor for PeerJ.
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