Fc-conjugated C-type lectin receptors: Tools for understanding host-pathogen interactions.
detection
glycans
immunlogy
microbial structure
microbial-cell interaction
Journal
Molecular microbiology
ISSN: 1365-2958
Titre abrégé: Mol Microbiol
Pays: England
ID NLM: 8712028
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
03 2022
03 2022
Historique:
received:
25
10
2021
accepted:
25
10
2021
pubmed:
29
10
2021
medline:
28
4
2022
entrez:
28
10
2021
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
The use of soluble fusion proteins of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) used in the detection of exogenous and endogenous ligands has helped resolve the roles of PRRs in the innate immune response to pathogens, how they shape the adaptive immune response, and function in maintaining homeostasis. Using the immunoglobulin (Ig) crystallizable fragment (Fc) domain as a fusion partner, the PRR fusion proteins are soluble, stable, easily purified, have increased affinity due to the Fc homodimerization properties, and consequently have been used in a wide range of applications such as flow cytometry, screening of protein and glycan arrays, and immunofluorescent microscopy. This review will predominantly focus on the recognition of pathogens by the cell membrane-expressed glycan-binding proteins of the C-type lectin receptor (CLR) subgroup of PRRs. PRRs bind to conserved pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), such as glycans, usually located within or on the outer surface of the pathogen. Significantly, many glycans structures are identical on both host and pathogen (e.g. the Lewis (Le) X glycan), allowing the use of Fc CLR fusion proteins with known endogenous and/or exogenous ligands as tools to identify pathogen structures that are able to interact with the immune system. Screens of highly purified pathogen-derived cell wall components have enabled identification of many unique PAMP structures recognized by CLRs. This review highlights studies using Fc CLR fusion proteins, with emphasis on the PAMPs found in fungi, bacteria, viruses, and parasites. The structure and unique features of the different CLR families is presented using examples from a broad range of microbes whenever possible.
Substances chimiques
Lectins, C-Type
0
Ligands
0
Pathogen-Associated Molecular Pattern Molecules
0
Receptors, Pattern Recognition
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
632-660Subventions
Organisme : Medical Research Council
ID : MR/N006364/2
Pays : United Kingdom
Informations de copyright
© 2021 The Authors. Molecular Microbiology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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