Associations between SARS-CoV-2 variants and risk of COVID-19 hospitalization among confirmed cases in Washington State: a retrospective cohort study.
Journal
medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences
Titre abrégé: medRxiv
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 101767986
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
16 Feb 2022
16 Feb 2022
Historique:
pubmed:
4
11
2021
medline:
4
11
2021
entrez:
3
11
2021
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
The COVID-19 pandemic is dominated by variant viruses; the resulting impact on disease severity remains unclear. Using a retrospective cohort study, we assessed the hospitalization risk following infection with seven SARS-CoV-2 variants. Our study includes individuals with positive SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR in the Washington Disease Reporting System with available viral genome data, from December 1, 2020 to January 14, 2022. The analysis was restricted to cases with specimens collected through sentinel surveillance. Using a Cox proportional hazards model with mixed effects, we estimated hazard ratios (HR) for hospitalization risk following infection with a variant, adjusting for age, sex, calendar week, and vaccination. 58,848 cases were sequenced through sentinel surveillance, of which 1705 (2.9%) were hospitalized due to COVID-19. Higher hospitalization risk was found for infections with Gamma (HR 3.20, 95%CI 2.40-4.26), Beta (HR 2.85, 95%CI 1.56-5.23), Delta (HR 2.28 95%CI 1.56-3.34) or Alpha (HR 1.64, 95%CI 1.29-2.07) compared to infections with ancestral lineages; Omicron (HR 0.92, 95%CI 0.56-1.52) showed no significant difference in risk. Following Alpha, Gamma, or Delta infection, unvaccinated patients show higher hospitalization risk, while vaccinated patients show no significant difference in risk, both compared to unvaccinated, ancestral lineage cases. Hospitalization risk following Omicron infection is lower with vaccination. Infection with Alpha, Gamma, or Delta results in a higher hospitalization risk, with vaccination attenuating that risk. Our findings support hospital preparedness, vaccination, and genomic surveillance. Hospitalization risk following infection with SARS-CoV-2 variant remains unclear. We find a higher hospitalization risk in cases infected with Alpha, Beta, Gamma, and Delta, but not Omicron, with vaccination lowering risk. Our findings support hospital preparedness, vaccination, and genomic surveillance.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
BACKGROUND
The COVID-19 pandemic is dominated by variant viruses; the resulting impact on disease severity remains unclear. Using a retrospective cohort study, we assessed the hospitalization risk following infection with seven SARS-CoV-2 variants.
METHODS
METHODS
Our study includes individuals with positive SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR in the Washington Disease Reporting System with available viral genome data, from December 1, 2020 to January 14, 2022. The analysis was restricted to cases with specimens collected through sentinel surveillance. Using a Cox proportional hazards model with mixed effects, we estimated hazard ratios (HR) for hospitalization risk following infection with a variant, adjusting for age, sex, calendar week, and vaccination.
FINDINGS
RESULTS
58,848 cases were sequenced through sentinel surveillance, of which 1705 (2.9%) were hospitalized due to COVID-19. Higher hospitalization risk was found for infections with Gamma (HR 3.20, 95%CI 2.40-4.26), Beta (HR 2.85, 95%CI 1.56-5.23), Delta (HR 2.28 95%CI 1.56-3.34) or Alpha (HR 1.64, 95%CI 1.29-2.07) compared to infections with ancestral lineages; Omicron (HR 0.92, 95%CI 0.56-1.52) showed no significant difference in risk. Following Alpha, Gamma, or Delta infection, unvaccinated patients show higher hospitalization risk, while vaccinated patients show no significant difference in risk, both compared to unvaccinated, ancestral lineage cases. Hospitalization risk following Omicron infection is lower with vaccination.
CONCLUSION
CONCLUSIONS
Infection with Alpha, Gamma, or Delta results in a higher hospitalization risk, with vaccination attenuating that risk. Our findings support hospital preparedness, vaccination, and genomic surveillance.
SUMMARY
CONCLUSIONS
Hospitalization risk following infection with SARS-CoV-2 variant remains unclear. We find a higher hospitalization risk in cases infected with Alpha, Beta, Gamma, and Delta, but not Omicron, with vaccination lowering risk. Our findings support hospital preparedness, vaccination, and genomic surveillance.
Identifiants
pubmed: 34729567
doi: 10.1101/2021.09.29.21264272
pmc: PMC8562551
pii:
doi:
Types de publication
Preprint
Langues
eng
Subventions
Organisme : NIAID NIH HHS
ID : P30 AI027757
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIGMS NIH HHS
ID : R35 GM119774
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIH HHS
ID : S10 OD028685
Pays : United States
Commentaires et corrections
Type : UpdateIn
Références
Lancet. 2021 Jun 26;397(10293):2461-2462
pubmed: 34139198
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Oct 17;17(20):
pubmed: 33080869
Cell Host Microbe. 2021 Mar 10;29(3):463-476.e6
pubmed: 33592168
Science. 2021 Apr 9;372(6538):
pubmed: 33658326
Nat Commun. 2020 Nov 12;11(1):5749
pubmed: 33184277
Euro Surveill. 2017 Mar 30;22(13):
pubmed: 28382917
Nat Microbiol. 2021 Jul;6(7):821-823
pubmed: 34108654
Clin Infect Dis. 2021 Aug 23;:
pubmed: 34423834
Euro Surveill. 2021 Apr;26(16):
pubmed: 33890566
Glob Chall. 2017 Jan 10;1(1):33-46
pubmed: 31565258
Science. 2020 Oct 30;370(6516):571-575
pubmed: 32913002
Lancet Infect Dis. 2022 Jan;22(1):35-42
pubmed: 34461056
MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2021 Jun 11;70(23):846-850
pubmed: 34111060
Lancet Infect Dis. 2021 Nov;21(11):1507-1517
pubmed: 34171231