Combination of urinary fibrinogen β-chain and tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins for the detection of bladder cancer.

To evaluate the performance of urinary fibrinogen β-chain (FBC) - either alone or associated with urinary tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins (UPY) - as bladder cancer (BCa) diagnostic biomarker. 164 subjects were tested. Significantly different FBC and UPY levels were found between BCa patients and controls, as well as between low-grade and high-grade cancers. The diagnostic accuracy was 0.84 for FBC and 0.87 for UPY. The combination of FBC and UPY improved the accuracy to 0.91. The addition of clinical variables (age, gender, and smoking habit) to FBC and UPY into a model for BCa prediction significantly improved the accuracy to 0.99. The combination of FBC and UPY adjusted for clinical variables associates with the highest sensitivity and good specificity. Urinary FBC and UPY could be used as biomarkers for BCa diagnosis.

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Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts

Financial & competing interests disclosure This study was supported by the CRT Foundation Grant (Italy) Progetti Ordinari 2015, Cod. ROL 46644 to G Giribaldi and P Gontero. The authors have no other relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript apart from those disclosed. No writing assistance was utilized in the production of this manuscript.