Persister cells: formation, resuscitation and combative therapies.
Antimicrobials
Chemotaxis
Persister cells
Resuscitation
Journal
Archives of microbiology
ISSN: 1432-072X
Titre abrégé: Arch Microbiol
Pays: Germany
ID NLM: 0410427
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Dec 2021
Dec 2021
Historique:
received:
14
06
2021
accepted:
16
09
2021
revised:
06
09
2021
pubmed:
6
11
2021
medline:
17
11
2021
entrez:
5
11
2021
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Persister cells, or superfits, have been strongly implicated in the recalcitrance and recurrence of chronic bacterial infection through the dormant (metabolically reduced) phenotype they display and the tolerance to antimicrobial agents this dormancy grants them. The complex biochemical events that lead to the formation of persister cells are not completely understood, though much research has linked the degradation of type II toxin/antitoxin systems and reduced cellular ATP levels to the rise in stress response molecules (where (p)ppGpp is of particular interest), which induce this dormant state. The equally complex mechanism of resuscitation is initiated by the cells' ability to sense nutrient availability via chemotaxis systems. Levels of secondary messenger proteins (i.e., cAMP) within the cell are reduced to allow the resuscitation of ribosomes, by ribosomal resuscitation factor HflX, to reinstate protein synthesis and, therefore, growth to re-populate. Techniques of superfit eradication utilise one, or more, of three approaches (i) direct killing, (ii) re-sensitising persister cells to conventional antimicrobials, or (iii) prevention of persister formation though few laboratory findings have been translated to clinical practice. This work will outline current findings in the field with a critical approach, where possible.
Identifiants
pubmed: 34739553
doi: 10.1007/s00203-021-02585-z
pii: 10.1007/s00203-021-02585-z
pmc: PMC8590677
doi:
Substances chimiques
Anti-Bacterial Agents
0
Escherichia coli Proteins
0
GTP-Binding Proteins
EC 3.6.1.-
HflX protein, E coli
EC 3.6.1.-
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
5899-5906Informations de copyright
© 2021. The Author(s).
Références
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