Associations between cannabis use, cannabis use disorder, and mood disorders: longitudinal, genetic, and neurocognitive evidence.
Bipolar disorder
Cannabis use
Cannabis use disorder
Depression
Mood disorders
Suicide
Journal
Psychopharmacology
ISSN: 1432-2072
Titre abrégé: Psychopharmacology (Berl)
Pays: Germany
ID NLM: 7608025
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
May 2022
May 2022
Historique:
received:
21
12
2020
accepted:
11
10
2021
pubmed:
7
11
2021
medline:
19
5
2022
entrez:
6
11
2021
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Cannabis use among people with mood disorders increased in recent years. While comorbidity between cannabis use, cannabis use disorder (CUD), and mood disorders is high, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We aimed to evaluate (1) the epidemiological evidence for an association between cannabis use, CUD, and mood disorders; (2) prospective longitudinal, genetic, and neurocognitive evidence of underlying mechanisms; and (3) prognosis and treatment options for individuals with CUD and mood disorders. Narrative review of existing literature is identified through PubMed searches, reviews, and meta-analyses. Evidence was reviewed separately for depression, bipolar disorder, and suicide. Current evidence is limited and mixed but suggestive of a bidirectional relationship between cannabis use, CUD, and the onset of depression. The evidence more consistently points to cannabis use preceding onset of bipolar disorder. Shared neurocognitive mechanisms and underlying genetic and environmental risk factors appear to explain part of the association. However, cannabis use itself may also influence the development of mood disorders, while others may initiate cannabis use to self-medicate symptoms. Comorbid cannabis use and CUD are associated with worse prognosis for depression and bipolar disorder including increased suicidal behaviors. Evidence for targeted treatments is limited. The current evidence base is limited by the lack of well-controlled prospective longitudinal studies and clinical studies including comorbid individuals. Future studies in humans examining the causal pathways and potential mechanisms of the association between cannabis use, CUD, and mood disorder comorbidity are crucial for optimizing harm reduction and treatment strategies.
Identifiants
pubmed: 34741634
doi: 10.1007/s00213-021-06001-8
pii: 10.1007/s00213-021-06001-8
pmc: PMC9520129
mid: NIHMS1834885
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
1231-1249Subventions
Organisme : NIDA NIH HHS
ID : R01 DA042490
Pays : United States
Organisme : National Institute on Drug Abuse (US)
ID : 1R01 DA042490-01A1
Informations de copyright
© 2021. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.
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