3D printed customised external cranial plate in a patient with syndrome of trephined: 'a case report'.


Journal

3D printing in medicine
ISSN: 2365-6271
Titre abrégé: 3D Print Med
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101721758

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
12 Nov 2021
Historique:
received: 20 04 2021
accepted: 25 09 2021
entrez: 12 11 2021
pubmed: 13 11 2021
medline: 13 11 2021
Statut: epublish

Résumé

Syndrome of the trephined is a well-recognised phenomenon that occurs in patients following a craniectomy. It is associated with several symptoms, including headaches, motor impairments, cognitive disorders and reduced consciousness. Treatment for the syndrome usually involves replacing the skull defect. A 71-year-old male underwent a left-sided craniectomy after being diagnosed with biopsy-confirmed invasive squamous cell carcinoma with associated skull erosion. Subsequently, he developed a severe case of syndrome of the trephined (SoT,) resulting in having to lie flat to prevent the motor component of the Glasgow Coma Score (GCS) falling from M5/6 (E3/4 Vt M5/6) to M1 (E3/4 Vt M1) on sitting to 30 degrees. Unfortunately, due to ongoing chest sepsis and physical frailty, he was unable to undergo a cranioplasty. Therefore, to aid in clinical stabilisation, the treating physicians and clinical engineering teams designed and manufactured a prosthesis on-site, allowing rapid patient treatment. The prosthesis led to the patient being able to sit up to 30 degrees without the motor component of the GCS falling from M6 to M1 (E4 VT M6). Clinical improvements were demonstrated with definitive neurological improvement after applying the external cranial plate in clinical outcome measures and radiographically. Furthermore, we have shown that rapid prototyping technology provides a flexible solution to synthesise bespoke medical prostheses with the correct expertise and regulatory framework.

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND BACKGROUND
Syndrome of the trephined is a well-recognised phenomenon that occurs in patients following a craniectomy. It is associated with several symptoms, including headaches, motor impairments, cognitive disorders and reduced consciousness. Treatment for the syndrome usually involves replacing the skull defect.
CASE STUDY METHODS
A 71-year-old male underwent a left-sided craniectomy after being diagnosed with biopsy-confirmed invasive squamous cell carcinoma with associated skull erosion. Subsequently, he developed a severe case of syndrome of the trephined (SoT,) resulting in having to lie flat to prevent the motor component of the Glasgow Coma Score (GCS) falling from M5/6 (E3/4 Vt M5/6) to M1 (E3/4 Vt M1) on sitting to 30 degrees. Unfortunately, due to ongoing chest sepsis and physical frailty, he was unable to undergo a cranioplasty. Therefore, to aid in clinical stabilisation, the treating physicians and clinical engineering teams designed and manufactured a prosthesis on-site, allowing rapid patient treatment. The prosthesis led to the patient being able to sit up to 30 degrees without the motor component of the GCS falling from M6 to M1 (E4 VT M6).
CONCLUSION CONCLUSIONS
Clinical improvements were demonstrated with definitive neurological improvement after applying the external cranial plate in clinical outcome measures and radiographically. Furthermore, we have shown that rapid prototyping technology provides a flexible solution to synthesise bespoke medical prostheses with the correct expertise and regulatory framework.

Identifiants

pubmed: 34767106
doi: 10.1186/s41205-021-00123-7
pii: 10.1186/s41205-021-00123-7
pmc: PMC8588646
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Pagination

35

Informations de copyright

© 2021. The Author(s).

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Auteurs

Mee H (M)

Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge & Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK. harrymee@nhs.net.

Greasley S (G)

Clinical Engineering Innovation Team, Department of Clinical Engineering, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK.

Whiting G (W)

Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge & Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK.

Harkin C (H)

Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge & Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK.

Oliver G (O)

3D visualisation and printing department, Media Studios, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK.

Marsden D (M)

Clinical Engineering Innovation Team, Department of Clinical Engineering, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK.

Andrews R (A)

Clinical Engineering Innovation Team, Department of Clinical Engineering, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK.

Sireau S (S)

Clinical Engineering Innovation Team, Department of Clinical Engineering, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK.

Price Rd (P)

Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK.

Anwar F (A)

Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge & Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK.

Timofeev Is (T)

Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge & Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK.

Hutchinson Pj (H)

Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge & Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK.

White Pa (W)

Clinical Engineering Innovation Team, Department of Clinical Engineering, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK.

Helmy A (H)

Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge & Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK.

Classifications MeSH