Factors Related to Women's Psychological Distress during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Evidence from a Two-Wave Longitudinal Study.
COVID-19
distress
emotion regulation
intolerance of uncertainly
principal component analysis
social stability status
women
Journal
International journal of environmental research and public health
ISSN: 1660-4601
Titre abrégé: Int J Environ Res Public Health
Pays: Switzerland
ID NLM: 101238455
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
06 11 2021
06 11 2021
Historique:
received:
14
10
2021
revised:
03
11
2021
accepted:
04
11
2021
entrez:
13
11
2021
pubmed:
14
11
2021
medline:
19
11
2021
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
A growing body of research has highlighted the negative effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on women's mental health. Previous studies showed that women have higher levels of depression, anxiety and PTSD, and worse psychological adjustment than men, which also persisted after the earlier phase of the pandemic. This study aimed to evaluate changes in women's psychological distress during the pandemic and to evaluate the factors that have a more significant impact in predicting women's psychological distress. This two-wave longitudinal study (T1 = Italian first lockdown, and T2 = second phase, when the restrictive measures were eased) involved 893 women (M No significant changes were found in women's psychological distress between T1 and T2, i.e., during and after the first lockdown. Lower social stability status and higher maladaptive emotional coping predicted high psychological distress. Results showed that modifiable psychological variables play a central role in predicting distress and indicated that emotion regulation interventions might be helpful in increasing psychological resilience and mitigating the adverse impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic within the female population.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
A growing body of research has highlighted the negative effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on women's mental health. Previous studies showed that women have higher levels of depression, anxiety and PTSD, and worse psychological adjustment than men, which also persisted after the earlier phase of the pandemic. This study aimed to evaluate changes in women's psychological distress during the pandemic and to evaluate the factors that have a more significant impact in predicting women's psychological distress.
METHODS
This two-wave longitudinal study (T1 = Italian first lockdown, and T2 = second phase, when the restrictive measures were eased) involved 893 women (M
RESULTS
No significant changes were found in women's psychological distress between T1 and T2, i.e., during and after the first lockdown. Lower social stability status and higher maladaptive emotional coping predicted high psychological distress.
CONCLUSIONS
Results showed that modifiable psychological variables play a central role in predicting distress and indicated that emotion regulation interventions might be helpful in increasing psychological resilience and mitigating the adverse impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic within the female population.
Identifiants
pubmed: 34770172
pii: ijerph182111656
doi: 10.3390/ijerph182111656
pmc: PMC8583639
pii:
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Références
J Psychosom Res. 2020 Sep;136:110186
pubmed: 32682159
Int J Infect Dis. 2020 May;94:81-87
pubmed: 32205284
Anxiety Stress Coping. 2021 Mar;34(2):145-156
pubmed: 33350343
J Affect Disord. 2020 Dec 1;277:55-64
pubmed: 32799105
Global Health. 2020 Jul 6;16(1):57
pubmed: 32631403
J Occup Environ Med. 2020 Sep;62(9):686-691
pubmed: 32890205
BMJ Open. 2021 Jul 5;11(7):e051115
pubmed: 34226236
Schizophr Res. 2020 Aug;222:79-87
pubmed: 32389615
Nat Hum Behav. 2021 Aug;5(8):1089-1110
pubmed: 34341554
Psychol Rep. 2014 Apr;114(2):341-62
pubmed: 24897894
Lancet Psychiatry. 2021 Feb;8(2):141-149
pubmed: 33308420
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Apr 02;18(7):
pubmed: 33918378
J Pers Soc Psychol. 2003 Aug;85(2):348-62
pubmed: 12916575
Lancet Psychiatry. 2020 Oct;7(10):883-892
pubmed: 32707037
J Anxiety Disord. 2016 Apr;39:30-43
pubmed: 26945765
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Jun 28;18(13):
pubmed: 34203410
Pers Individ Dif. 2021 May;174:110674
pubmed: 36540758
J Anxiety Disord. 2021 Jun;81:102411
pubmed: 33962141
BMC Public Health. 2021 Jan 7;21(1):79
pubmed: 33413224
Behav Res Ther. 1995 Mar;33(3):335-43
pubmed: 7726811
Br J Psychiatry. 2021 Jun;218(6):334-343
pubmed: 33228822
Int J Surg. 2020 Jun;78:185-193
pubmed: 32305533
Compr Psychiatry. 2015 Jul;60:170-81
pubmed: 25933937
Emotion. 2013 Oct;13(5):926-39
pubmed: 23731436
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Jun 17;18(12):
pubmed: 34204403
J Anxiety Disord. 2007;21(1):105-17
pubmed: 16647833
J Affect Disord. 2021 Apr 1;284:18-26
pubmed: 33582428
Int J Psychol. 2021 Aug;56(4):577-584
pubmed: 33723883
Psychiatry Res. 2021 Nov;305:114206
pubmed: 34537539
Front Psychol. 2019 Nov 12;10:2504
pubmed: 31781003
BJPsych Open. 2020 Oct 19;6(6):e125
pubmed: 33070797
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Nov 05;17(21):
pubmed: 33167479
BMC Psychiatry. 2021 Feb 18;21(1):112
pubmed: 33602149
PLoS One. 2021 Mar 4;16(3):e0247959
pubmed: 33662014
JAMA Netw Open. 2020 Oct 1;3(10):e2026064
pubmed: 33104209
Harv Rev Psychiatry. 1997 Jan-Feb;4(5):231-44
pubmed: 9385000
Rev Econ Househ. 2020;18(4):1001-1017
pubmed: 32922242
Nature. 2020 Jul;583(7815):194-198
pubmed: 32641809
PLoS One. 2021 Jan 6;16(1):e0244419
pubmed: 33406085
PLoS One. 2021 Mar 25;16(3):e0248916
pubmed: 33765039
Front Public Health. 2020 Apr 29;8:152
pubmed: 32411652