Endocrine Disorders with Parathyroid Hormone-Independent Hypercalcemia.
Adrenal insufficiency
Endocrine disorders
Hypercalcemia
Hyperthyroidism
Parathyroid hormone-independent
Pheochromocytoma
Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide
Journal
Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America
ISSN: 1558-4410
Titre abrégé: Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 8800104
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
12 2021
12 2021
Historique:
entrez:
14
11
2021
pubmed:
15
11
2021
medline:
1
4
2022
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
The most common causes of hypercalcemia are primary hyperparathyroidism and malignancy, constituting 80% to 90% of all cases. Although less common, several nonparathyroid endocrine disorders are associated with hypercalcemia. The most well described is hyperthyroidism, although the reported prevalence of hypercalcemia in hyperthyroid patients varies depending on applied method for measuring serum calcium levels. Also, adrenal insufficiency, pheochromocytoma, and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide are associated with hypercalcemia. These are differential diagnoses when assessing the hypercalcemic patient for whom common causes have been excluded. Further investigation is needed regarding hypothyroidism; acromegaly, hyperprolactinemia, gonadal dysfunction, and diabetes are not associated with hyperthyroidism.
Identifiants
pubmed: 34774242
pii: S0889-8529(21)00055-4
doi: 10.1016/j.ecl.2021.07.002
pii:
doi:
Substances chimiques
Parathyroid Hormone
0
Calcium
SY7Q814VUP
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
711-720Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
Disclosure The authors have no disclosures.