Effect of AMY1 copy number variation and various doses of starch intake on glucose homeostasis: data from a cross-sectional observational study and a crossover meal study.
AMY1
Body mass index
Copy number variation
Diet-gene interaction
Gut microbiome
Metabolic health
Nutrigenetics
Salivary α-amylase
Starch intake
Journal
Genes & nutrition
ISSN: 1555-8932
Titre abrégé: Genes Nutr
Pays: Germany
ID NLM: 101280108
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
17 Nov 2021
17 Nov 2021
Historique:
received:
23
02
2021
accepted:
31
10
2021
entrez:
18
11
2021
pubmed:
19
11
2021
medline:
19
11
2021
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Copy number (CN) variation (CNV) of the salivary amylase gene (AMY1) influences the ability to digest starch and may influence glucose homeostasis, obesity and gut microbiota composition. Hence, the aim was to examine the association of AMY1 CNV with fasting glucose, BMI, and gut microbiota composition considering habitual starch intake and to investigate the effect of AMY1 CNV on the postprandial response after two different starch doses. The Malmö Offspring Study (n = 1764, 18-71 years) was used to assess interaction effects between AMY1 CNV (genotyped by digital droplet polymerase chain reaction) and starch intake (assessed by 4-day food records) on fasting glucose, BMI, and 64 gut bacteria (16S rRNA sequencing). Participants with low (≤ 4 copies, n = 9) and high (≥ 10 copies, n = 10) AMY1 CN were recruited for a crossover meal study to compare postprandial glycemic and insulinemic responses to 40 g and 80 g starch from white wheat bread. In the observational study, no overall associations were found between AMY1 CNV and fasting glucose, BMI, or gut microbiota composition. However, interaction effects between AMY1 CNV and habitual starch intake on fasting glucose (P = 0.03) and BMI (P = 0.05) were observed, suggesting inverse associations between AMY1 CNV and fasting glucose and BMI at high starch intake levels and positive association at low starch intake levels. No associations with the gut microbiota were observed. In the meal study, increased postprandial glucose (P = 0.02) and insulin (P = 0.05) were observed in those with high AMY1 CN after consuming 40 g starch. This difference was smaller and nonsignificant after consuming 80 g starch. Starch intake modified the observed association between AMY1 CNV and fasting glucose and BMI. Furthermore, depending on the starch dose, a higher postprandial glucose and insulin response was observed in individuals with high AMY1 CN than in those with low AMY1 CN. ClinicalTrials.gov , NCT03974126 . Registered 4 June 2019-retrospectively registered.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
BACKGROUND
Copy number (CN) variation (CNV) of the salivary amylase gene (AMY1) influences the ability to digest starch and may influence glucose homeostasis, obesity and gut microbiota composition. Hence, the aim was to examine the association of AMY1 CNV with fasting glucose, BMI, and gut microbiota composition considering habitual starch intake and to investigate the effect of AMY1 CNV on the postprandial response after two different starch doses.
METHODS
METHODS
The Malmö Offspring Study (n = 1764, 18-71 years) was used to assess interaction effects between AMY1 CNV (genotyped by digital droplet polymerase chain reaction) and starch intake (assessed by 4-day food records) on fasting glucose, BMI, and 64 gut bacteria (16S rRNA sequencing). Participants with low (≤ 4 copies, n = 9) and high (≥ 10 copies, n = 10) AMY1 CN were recruited for a crossover meal study to compare postprandial glycemic and insulinemic responses to 40 g and 80 g starch from white wheat bread.
RESULTS
RESULTS
In the observational study, no overall associations were found between AMY1 CNV and fasting glucose, BMI, or gut microbiota composition. However, interaction effects between AMY1 CNV and habitual starch intake on fasting glucose (P = 0.03) and BMI (P = 0.05) were observed, suggesting inverse associations between AMY1 CNV and fasting glucose and BMI at high starch intake levels and positive association at low starch intake levels. No associations with the gut microbiota were observed. In the meal study, increased postprandial glucose (P = 0.02) and insulin (P = 0.05) were observed in those with high AMY1 CN after consuming 40 g starch. This difference was smaller and nonsignificant after consuming 80 g starch.
CONCLUSIONS
CONCLUSIONS
Starch intake modified the observed association between AMY1 CNV and fasting glucose and BMI. Furthermore, depending on the starch dose, a higher postprandial glucose and insulin response was observed in individuals with high AMY1 CN than in those with low AMY1 CN.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
BACKGROUND
ClinicalTrials.gov , NCT03974126 . Registered 4 June 2019-retrospectively registered.
Identifiants
pubmed: 34789141
doi: 10.1186/s12263-021-00701-8
pii: 10.1186/s12263-021-00701-8
pmc: PMC8596830
doi:
Banques de données
ClinicalTrials.gov
['NCT03974126']
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Pagination
21Subventions
Organisme : Vetenskapsrådet
ID : 2016-01501
Organisme : Hjärt-Lungfonden
ID : 20170297
Organisme : Hjärt-Lungfonden
ID : 20190555
Organisme : Crafoordska Stiftelsen
ID : 20161113
Informations de copyright
© 2021. The Author(s).
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