Under-explored 'third dimension' of medical ethics.
EcoHealth
One Health
Planetary Health
biodiversity
climate change
ethics
Journal
Journal of paediatrics and child health
ISSN: 1440-1754
Titre abrégé: J Paediatr Child Health
Pays: Australia
ID NLM: 9005421
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Nov 2021
Nov 2021
Historique:
revised:
26
07
2021
received:
12
07
2021
accepted:
26
07
2021
entrez:
18
11
2021
pubmed:
19
11
2021
medline:
27
1
2022
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
In this paper, we nominally propose three dimensions of medical ethics, using the term medical ethics rather than clinical ethics to focus on the professional obligation of paediatricians in and beyond the ward and clinic. We argue there exists a duty to children along the continuum of all three dimensions. In this taxonomy, the first dimension is the obligation of paediatricians to serve the best interests of their individual patients. The second dimension involves public health aspects and communitarian concerns with a focus on utilitarian principles, such as cost-effectiveness and just resource allocation. The third dimension of medical ethics is the obligation we hold in trust to support and respect the well-being of future generations. As our ecological footprint, characterised by climate change and biodiversity collapse, will adversely affect the health of today's children and those yet unborn, paediatricians have a contemporaneous moral obligation to speak out and act as both advocates and activists.
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
1792-1794Informations de copyright
© 2021 Paediatrics and Child Health Division (The Royal Australasian College of Physicians).
Références
Marais B, Crawford J, Iredell J et al. One world, one health: Beyond the millennium development goals. Lancet 2012; 380: 805-6.
Dunk JH, Jones DS, Capon A, Anderson WH. Human health on an ailing planet - Historical perspectives on our future. N. Engl. J. Med. 2019; 381: 778-82.
United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. New York; 2015. Available from: https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/ [accessed 4 July 2021].
Andersen A, Beringer J, Bull CM et al. Foundations for the future: A long-term plan for Australian ecosystem science. Austral Ecol. 2014; 39: 739-48.
Marais BJ. Judged by our legacy. Arch. Dis. Child. 2004; 89: 796.
World Medical Association WMA Declaration of Helsinki - Ethical Principles for Medical Research Involving Human Subjects. Ferney-Voltaire, France: World Medical Association; 2018. Available from: https://www.wma.net/policies-post/wma-declaration-of-helsinki-ethical-principles-for-medical-research-involving-human-subjects/ [accessed 4 July 2021].
Beauchamp TL, Childress JF. Principles of Biomedical Ethics, 5th edn. New York: Oxford University Press; 2001.
Williams PCM, Bartlett AW, Howard-Jones A et al. The impact of climate change and biodiversity collapse on the global emergence and spread of infectious diseases. J. Paediatr. Child Health 2021; 57: 1775-80.
Rogers W, Mackenzie C, Dodds S. Why bioethics needs a concept of vulnerability. Int. J. Fem. Approaches Bioeth. 2012; 5: 11-38.
Mackenzie C. The importance of relational autonomy and capabilities for an ethics of vulnerability. In: Mackenzie C, Rogers W, Dodds S, eds. Vulnerability: New Essays in Ethics and Feminist Philosophy. New York: Oxford University Press; 2013; 33-56.
Marais BJ. Ethics - The third dimension. Arch. Dis. Child. 2004; 89: 1077-8.
van Potter R. Bioethics: Bridge to the Future. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall; 1971.
Whitehouse P. The rebirth of bioethics: Extending the original formulations of Van Rensselaer Potter. Am. J. Bioeth. 2003; 2: W25-31.
Horton R, Beaglehole R, Bonita R, Raeburn J, McKee M, Wall S. From public to planetary health: A manifesto. Lancet 2014; 383: 847.
Walton M, Guest D, Raynes-Greenow C. One planet one health - What about the kids? J. Paediatr. Child Health 2021; 57: 1741-4.
Horton R. Why the unity of life matters for our planetary health. Lancet 2015; 386: 323.
Degeling C, Dawson A, Gilbert GL. The ethics of One Health. In: Walton M, ed. One Planet One Health. Sydney: Sydney University Press; 2019; 65-84.
Flack J, De Waal F. 'Any animal whatsoever' Darwinian building blocks of morality in monkeys and apes. J. Conscious. Stud. 2000; 7: 1-29.
Romanello M, McGushin A, MacGuire F et al. Monitoring climate change and child health: The case for putting children in all policies. J. Paediatr. Child Health 2021; 57: 1736-40.
Somerville M. The Ethical Imagination: Journeys of the Human Spirit. Montreal: McGill-Queen's Press-MQUP; 2008.