Particle-like topologies in light.
Journal
Nature communications
ISSN: 2041-1723
Titre abrégé: Nat Commun
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101528555
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
22 Nov 2021
22 Nov 2021
Historique:
received:
20
04
2021
accepted:
31
08
2021
entrez:
23
11
2021
pubmed:
24
11
2021
medline:
24
11
2021
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Three-dimensional (3D) topological states resemble truly localised, particle-like objects in physical space. Among the richest such structures are 3D skyrmions and hopfions, that realise integer topological numbers in their configuration via homotopic mappings from real space to the hypersphere (sphere in 4D space) or the 2D sphere. They have received tremendous attention as exotic textures in particle physics, cosmology, superfluids, and many other systems. Here we experimentally create and measure a topological 3D skyrmionic hopfion in fully structured light. By simultaneously tailoring the polarisation and phase profile, our beam establishes the skyrmionic mapping by realising every possible optical state in the propagation volume. The resulting light field's Stokes parameters and phase are synthesised into a Hopf fibration texture. We perform volumetric full-field reconstruction of the [Formula: see text] mapping, measuring a quantised topological charge, or Skyrme number, of 0.945. Such topological state control opens avenues for 3D optical data encoding and metrology. The Hopf characterisation of the optical hypersphere endows a fresh perspective to topological optics, offering experimentally-accessible photonic analogues to the gamut of particle-like 3D topological textures, from condensed matter to high-energy physics.
Identifiants
pubmed: 34811373
doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-26171-5
pii: 10.1038/s41467-021-26171-5
pmc: PMC8608860
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
6785Subventions
Organisme : Leverhulme Trust
ID : RP2013-K-009
Organisme : Leverhulme Trust
ID : RP2013-K-009
Organisme : MEXT | Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST)
ID : Q-LEAP, JPMJMS2061, JPMJCR1676
Organisme : MEXT | Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST)
ID : Q-LEAP, JPMJMS2061, JPMJCR1676
Organisme : MEXT | Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS)
ID : JP20H00134, JPJSBP120194828
Organisme : MEXT | Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS)
ID : JP20H00134, JPJSBP120194828
Organisme : United States Department of Defense | United States Army | U.S. Army Research, Development and Engineering Command | Army Research Office (ARO)
ID : W911NF-18-1-0358
Organisme : United States Department of Defense | United States Army | U.S. Army Research, Development and Engineering Command | Army Research Office (ARO)
ID : W911NF-18-1-0358
Organisme : Foundational Questions Institute (FQXi)
ID : FQXi-IAF19-06
Organisme : Foundational Questions Institute (FQXi)
ID : FQXi-IAF19-06
Organisme : Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (German Research Foundation)
ID : DE 486/22-1, DE 486/23-1
Organisme : Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (German Research Foundation)
ID : DE 486/22-1, DE 486/23-1
Organisme : Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (German Research Foundation)
ID : DE 486/22-1, DE 486/23-1
Organisme : Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (German Research Foundation)
ID : DE 486/22-1, DE 486/23-1
Organisme : EC | Horizon 2020 Framework Programme (EU Framework Programme for Research and Innovation H2020)
ID : ITN 721465
Organisme : EC | Horizon 2020 Framework Programme (EU Framework Programme for Research and Innovation H2020)
ID : ITN 721465
Organisme : EC | Horizon 2020 Framework Programme (EU Framework Programme for Research and Innovation H2020)
ID : ITN 721465
Organisme : EC | Horizon 2020 Framework Programme (EU Framework Programme for Research and Innovation H2020)
ID : ITN 721465
Organisme : RCUK | Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC)
ID : EP/S002952/1, EP/P026133/1
Organisme : RCUK | Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC)
ID : EP/S02297X/1
Informations de copyright
© 2021. The Author(s).
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