New fossils of

bipedalism evolutionary biology human human evolution lordosis paleoanthropology upright posture vertebral column

Journal

eLife
ISSN: 2050-084X
Titre abrégé: Elife
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101579614

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
23 11 2021
Historique:
received: 17 05 2021
accepted: 19 10 2021
entrez: 23 11 2021
pubmed: 24 11 2021
medline: 15 12 2021
Statut: epublish

Résumé

Adaptations of the lower back to bipedalism are frequently discussed but infrequently demonstrated in early fossil hominins. Newly discovered lumbar vertebrae contribute to a near-complete lower back of Malapa Hominin 2 (MH2), offering additional insights into posture and locomotion in One of the defining features of humans is our ability to walk comfortably on two legs. To achieve this, our skeletons have evolved certain physical characteristics. For example, the lower part of the human spine has a forward curve that supports an upright posture; whereas the lower backs of chimpanzees and other apes – which walk around on four limbs and spend much of their time in trees – lack this curvature

Autres résumés

Type: plain-language-summary (eng)
One of the defining features of humans is our ability to walk comfortably on two legs. To achieve this, our skeletons have evolved certain physical characteristics. For example, the lower part of the human spine has a forward curve that supports an upright posture; whereas the lower backs of chimpanzees and other apes – which walk around on four limbs and spend much of their time in trees – lack this curvature

Identifiants

pubmed: 34812141
doi: 10.7554/eLife.70447
pii: 70447
pmc: PMC8610421
doi:
pii:

Banques de données

Dryad
['10.5061/dryad.6m905qg0x']

Types de publication

Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Informations de copyright

© 2021, Williams et al.

Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts

SW, TP, MM, TN, RV, CY, DG, GR, KO, JS, JE, MG, SN, MB, PS, SC, LB No competing interests declared

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Auteurs

Scott A Williams (SA)

Center for the Study of Human Origins, Department of Anthropology, New York University, New York, United States.
New York Consortium in Evolutionary Primatology, New York, United States.
Centre for the Exploration of the Deep Human Journey, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Evolutionary Studies Institute, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.

Thomas Cody Prang (TC)

Department of Anthropology, Texas A&M University, College Station, United States.

Marc R Meyer (MR)

Department of Anthropology, Chaffey College, Rancho Cucamonga, United States.

Thierra K Nalley (TK)

Western University of Health Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Department of Medical Anatomical Sciences, Pomona, United States.

Renier Van Der Merwe (R)

Centre for the Exploration of the Deep Human Journey, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.

Christopher Yelverton (C)

Evolutionary Studies Institute, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Department of Chiropractic, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa.

Daniel García-Martínez (D)

Centre for the Exploration of the Deep Human Journey, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Centro Nacional de Investigación sobre la Evolución Humana (CENIEH), Burgos, Spain.
Departamento de Biodiversidad, Ecología y Evolución, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain.

Gabrielle A Russo (GA)

Department of Anthropology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, United States.

Kelly R Ostrofsky (KR)

Department of Anatomy, College of Osteopathic Medicine, New York Institute of Technology, Old Westbury, United States.

Jeffrey Spear (J)

Center for the Study of Human Origins, Department of Anthropology, New York University, New York, United States.
New York Consortium in Evolutionary Primatology, New York, United States.

Jennifer Eyre (J)

Center for the Study of Human Origins, Department of Anthropology, New York University, New York, United States.
Department of Anthropology, Bryn Mawr College, Bryn Mawr, United States.

Mark Grabowski (M)

Research Centre in Evolutionary Anthropology and Palaeoecology, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom.

Shahed Nalla (S)

Centre for the Exploration of the Deep Human Journey, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Department of Human Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa.

Markus Bastir (M)

Centre for the Exploration of the Deep Human Journey, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Departamento de Paleobiología, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (CSIC), Madrid, Spain.

Peter Schmid (P)

Centre for the Exploration of the Deep Human Journey, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Anthropological Institute and Museum, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.

Steven E Churchill (SE)

Centre for the Exploration of the Deep Human Journey, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, Duke University, Durham, United States.

Lee R Berger (LR)

Centre for the Exploration of the Deep Human Journey, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.

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Classifications MeSH