Calculating real-world travel routes instead of straight-line distance in the community response to out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.

Bystanders Geographical Information Systems Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest Public-access Automated External Defibrillators Volunteer first-responders

Journal

Resuscitation plus
ISSN: 2666-5204
Titre abrégé: Resusc Plus
Pays: Netherlands
ID NLM: 101774410

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
Dec 2021
Historique:
received: 17 05 2021
revised: 06 10 2021
accepted: 07 10 2021
entrez: 24 11 2021
pubmed: 25 11 2021
medline: 25 11 2021
Statut: epublish

Résumé

Using straight-line distance to estimate the proximity of public-access Automated External Defibrillators (AEDs) or volunteer first-responders to potential out-of-hospital cardiac arrests (OHCAs) does not reflect real-world travel distance. The difference between estimates may be an important consideration for bystanders and first-responders responding to OHCAs and may potentially impact patient outcome. To explore how calculating real-world travel routes instead of using straight-line distance estimates might impact the community response to OHCA. We mapped 4355 OHCA (01/04/2016-31/03/2017) and 2677 AEDs in London (UK), and 1263 OHCA (18/06/2017-17/06/2018) and 4704 AEDs in East Midlands (UK) using ArcGIS mapping software. We determined the distance from OHCAs to the nearest AED using straight-line estimates and real-world travel routes. We mapped locations of potential OHCAs (London: n = 9065, 20/09/2019-22/03/2020; East Midlands: n = 7637, 20/09/2019-17/03/2020) for which volunteer first-responders were alerted by the GoodSAM mobile-phone app, and calculated response distance using straight-line estimates and real-world travel routes. We created Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves and calculated the Area Under the Curve (AUC) to determine if travel distance predicted whether or not a responder accepted an alert. Real-world travel routes to the nearest AED were (median) 219 m longer (623 m vs 406 m) than straight-line estimates in London, and 211 m longer (568 m vs 357 m) in East Midlands. The identity of the nearest AED changed on 26% occasions in both areas when calculating real-world travel routes. GoodSAM responders' real-world travel routes were (median) 222 m longer (601 m vs 379 m) in London, and 291 m longer (814 m vs 523 m) in East Midlands. AUC statistics for both areas demonstrated that neither straight-line nor real-world travel distance predicted whether or not a responder accepted an alert. Calculating real-world travel routes increases the estimated travel distance and time for those responding to OHCAs. Calculating straight-line distance may overestimate the benefit of the community response to OHCA.

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND BACKGROUND
Using straight-line distance to estimate the proximity of public-access Automated External Defibrillators (AEDs) or volunteer first-responders to potential out-of-hospital cardiac arrests (OHCAs) does not reflect real-world travel distance. The difference between estimates may be an important consideration for bystanders and first-responders responding to OHCAs and may potentially impact patient outcome.
OBJECTIVES OBJECTIVE
To explore how calculating real-world travel routes instead of using straight-line distance estimates might impact the community response to OHCA.
METHODS METHODS
We mapped 4355 OHCA (01/04/2016-31/03/2017) and 2677 AEDs in London (UK), and 1263 OHCA (18/06/2017-17/06/2018) and 4704 AEDs in East Midlands (UK) using ArcGIS mapping software. We determined the distance from OHCAs to the nearest AED using straight-line estimates and real-world travel routes. We mapped locations of potential OHCAs (London: n = 9065, 20/09/2019-22/03/2020; East Midlands: n = 7637, 20/09/2019-17/03/2020) for which volunteer first-responders were alerted by the GoodSAM mobile-phone app, and calculated response distance using straight-line estimates and real-world travel routes. We created Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves and calculated the Area Under the Curve (AUC) to determine if travel distance predicted whether or not a responder accepted an alert.
RESULTS RESULTS
Real-world travel routes to the nearest AED were (median) 219 m longer (623 m vs 406 m) than straight-line estimates in London, and 211 m longer (568 m vs 357 m) in East Midlands. The identity of the nearest AED changed on 26% occasions in both areas when calculating real-world travel routes. GoodSAM responders' real-world travel routes were (median) 222 m longer (601 m vs 379 m) in London, and 291 m longer (814 m vs 523 m) in East Midlands. AUC statistics for both areas demonstrated that neither straight-line nor real-world travel distance predicted whether or not a responder accepted an alert.
CONCLUSIONS CONCLUSIONS
Calculating real-world travel routes increases the estimated travel distance and time for those responding to OHCAs. Calculating straight-line distance may overestimate the benefit of the community response to OHCA.

Identifiants

pubmed: 34816140
doi: 10.1016/j.resplu.2021.100176
pii: S2666-5204(21)00101-6
pmc: PMC8592858
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Pagination

100176

Informations de copyright

© 2021 The Author(s).

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Auteurs

Christopher M Smith (CM)

Warwick Clinical Trials Unit, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK.

Ranjit Lall (R)

Warwick Clinical Trials Unit, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK.

Robert Spaight (R)

East Midlands Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Nottingham NG8 6PY, UK.

Rachael T Fothergill (RT)

Warwick Clinical Trials Unit, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK.
Clinical Audit and Research Unit, London Ambulance Service NHS Trust, London SE1 8SD, UK.

Terry Brown (T)

Warwick Clinical Trials Unit, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK.

Gavin D Perkins (GD)

Warwick Clinical Trials Unit, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK.

Classifications MeSH