Effect of breastfeeding on children's health and its relationship to NRAMP1 expression: A cross-sectional study.
ARI
Exclusive breastfeeding
Immunization
NRAMP1 expression
Journal
Annals of medicine and surgery (2012)
ISSN: 2049-0801
Titre abrégé: Ann Med Surg (Lond)
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101616869
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Nov 2021
Nov 2021
Historique:
received:
09
09
2021
revised:
01
11
2021
accepted:
01
11
2021
entrez:
29
11
2021
pubmed:
30
11
2021
medline:
30
11
2021
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Toddlers with exclusive breastfeeding can increase immunity in preventing infectious diseases such as Upper Respiratory Tract Infections (ARI). The body's resistance to disease is controlled by Natural Resistance-Associated Macrophage Protein 1 (NRAMP1). NRAMP1 contributes to the pathophysiology of several intercellular infections, including ARI. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of breastfeeding on children's health and its relationship to NRAMP1 expression. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 124 toddlers in October 2020-June 2021. Toddlers were selected purposively from three Community Health Centers in Central Jakarta. The first group (n = 62) was exclusive breastfeeding and the second group (n = 62) was not exclusive breastfeeding. The characteristics of mothers and toddlers were collected using a structured questionnaire supported by medical record data. Meanwhile, NRAMP1 expression and NRAMP1 protein levels were obtained from the examination of blood samples. Examination of NRAMP1 gene mRNA expression by real-time PCR method and serum NRAMP1 protein levels by ELISA method. Data were analyzed using t-test, ANOVA, and multiple linear regression. The results obtained that the average mRNA expression of NRAMP1 gene and protein levels of NRAMP1 in infants who were not exclusive breastfeeding were 6.88 fold change (FC) and 315.02 pg/ml compared to those who received exclusive breastfeeding of 11.36 FC and 1087.74 pg./ml. Parity, immunization history, exclusive breastfeeding, and frequency of ARI were significantly associated with NRAMP1 gene mRNA expression and NRAMP1 protein levels (P < 0.05). Maternal and under-five age, gender, and nutritional status were not significantly related (P > 0.05). Exclusive breastfeeding was the dominant factor influencing NRAMP1 gene mRNA expression (OR: 4268) and NRAMP1 protein content (OR: 737,362). Antibodies obtained from exclusive breastfeeding in synergy with the NRAMP1 gene form the body's immunity in infants suffering from ARI.
Identifiants
pubmed: 34840765
doi: 10.1016/j.amsu.2021.103017
pii: S2049-0801(21)00967-5
pmc: PMC8606844
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Pagination
103017Informations de copyright
© 2021 The Authors.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
The authors declare that there are no competing interests associated with the manuscript.
Références
Circ Shock. 1994 Nov;44(3):115-20
pubmed: 7600634
Ann Med Surg (Lond). 2021 Apr 06;65:102273
pubmed: 33996045
J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo). 2020;66(Supplement):S94-S98
pubmed: 33612655
Ann Med Surg (Lond). 2020 Dec 19;61:44-47
pubmed: 33384873
Ann Med Surg (Lond). 2021 Feb 12;63:102174
pubmed: 33664952
Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2012 Apr;16(4):437-46
pubmed: 22326178
Int J Infect Dis. 2012 Jul;16(7):e543-50
pubmed: 22609013
BMC Pediatr. 2017 Dec 21;17(1):211
pubmed: 29268732
Genet Mol Res. 2013 Jan 30;12(3):3048-56
pubmed: 23408448
Ann Med Surg (Lond). 2021 Jul 27;68:102596
pubmed: 34401121
Ann Med Surg (Lond). 2021 Aug 05;69:102660
pubmed: 34429946
Front Immunol. 2017 May 29;8:584
pubmed: 28611768
BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2021 Mar 4;21(1):180
pubmed: 33663418
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2005 Aug 23;102(34):12183-8
pubmed: 16103355
Nat Genet. 2002 Sep;32(1):97-105
pubmed: 12205477
J Exp Med. 1997 Feb 17;185(4):717-30
pubmed: 9034150
J Clin Tuberc Other Mycobact Dis. 2020 Nov 16;21:100202
pubmed: 33319069
Dis Markers. 2015;2015:860628
pubmed: 26578819
Matern Child Health J. 2015 Mar;19(3):468-79
pubmed: 24894730
Int J Surg. 2019 Dec;72:156-165
pubmed: 31704426
Ann Med Surg (Lond). 2021 Apr 01;65:102262
pubmed: 33898034
BMC Pulm Med. 2017 Jun 5;17(1):89
pubmed: 28583097
Br J Nutr. 2007 Oct;98(4):684-90
pubmed: 17466092
Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2004 Apr;8(4):428-34
pubmed: 15141734
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health. 2010 Mar;41(2):386-94
pubmed: 20578522
Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2009 Oct;28(10 Suppl):S121-6
pubmed: 19918134
Nat Rev Microbiol. 2009 Dec;7(12):887-94
pubmed: 19898491