Nutritional risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection: a prospective study within the NutriNet-Santé cohort.
Cohort study
Diet
SARS-CoV-2
Seroprevalence
Vitamins
Journal
BMC medicine
ISSN: 1741-7015
Titre abrégé: BMC Med
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101190723
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
30 11 2021
30 11 2021
Historique:
received:
21
07
2021
accepted:
21
10
2021
entrez:
30
11
2021
pubmed:
1
12
2021
medline:
15
12
2021
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Nutritional factors are essential for the functioning of the immune system and could therefore play a role in COVID-19 but evidence is needed. Our objective was to study the associations between diet and the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection in a large population-based sample. Our analyses were conducted in the French prospective NutriNet-Santé cohort study (2009-2020). Seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies was assessed by ELISA on dried blood spots. Dietary intakes were derived from repeated 24 h dietary records (at least 6) in the two years preceding the start of the COVID-19 pandemic in France (February 2020). Multi-adjusted logistic regression models were computed. A total of 7766 adults (70.3% women, mean age: 60.3 years) were included, among which 311 were positive for anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. Dietary intakes of vitamin C (OR for 1 SD=0.86 (0.75-0.98), P=0.02), vitamin B9 (OR=0.84 (0.72-0.98), P=0.02), vitamin K (OR=0.86 (0.74-0.99), P=0.04), fibers (OR=0.84 (0.72-0.98), P=0.02), and fruit and vegetables (OR=0.85 (0.74-0.97), P=0.02) were associated to a decreased probability of SARS-CoV-2 infection while dietary intakes of calcium (OR=1.16 (1.01-1.35), P=0.04) and dairy products (OR=1.19 (1.06-1.33), P=0.002) associated to increased odds. No association was detected with other food groups or nutrients or with the overall diet quality. Higher dietary intakes of fruit and vegetables and, consistently, of vitamin C, folate, vitamin K and fibers were associated with a lower susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Beyond its established role in the prevention of non-communicable diseases, diet could therefore also contribute to prevent some infectious diseases such as COVID-19.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
Nutritional factors are essential for the functioning of the immune system and could therefore play a role in COVID-19 but evidence is needed. Our objective was to study the associations between diet and the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection in a large population-based sample.
METHODS
Our analyses were conducted in the French prospective NutriNet-Santé cohort study (2009-2020). Seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies was assessed by ELISA on dried blood spots. Dietary intakes were derived from repeated 24 h dietary records (at least 6) in the two years preceding the start of the COVID-19 pandemic in France (February 2020). Multi-adjusted logistic regression models were computed.
RESULTS
A total of 7766 adults (70.3% women, mean age: 60.3 years) were included, among which 311 were positive for anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. Dietary intakes of vitamin C (OR for 1 SD=0.86 (0.75-0.98), P=0.02), vitamin B9 (OR=0.84 (0.72-0.98), P=0.02), vitamin K (OR=0.86 (0.74-0.99), P=0.04), fibers (OR=0.84 (0.72-0.98), P=0.02), and fruit and vegetables (OR=0.85 (0.74-0.97), P=0.02) were associated to a decreased probability of SARS-CoV-2 infection while dietary intakes of calcium (OR=1.16 (1.01-1.35), P=0.04) and dairy products (OR=1.19 (1.06-1.33), P=0.002) associated to increased odds. No association was detected with other food groups or nutrients or with the overall diet quality.
CONCLUSIONS
Higher dietary intakes of fruit and vegetables and, consistently, of vitamin C, folate, vitamin K and fibers were associated with a lower susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Beyond its established role in the prevention of non-communicable diseases, diet could therefore also contribute to prevent some infectious diseases such as COVID-19.
Identifiants
pubmed: 34844606
doi: 10.1186/s12916-021-02168-1
pii: 10.1186/s12916-021-02168-1
pmc: PMC8629697
doi:
Banques de données
ClinicalTrials.gov
['NCT03335644']
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
290Subventions
Organisme : agence nationale de la recherche (anr)
ID : #ANR-20-COVI-000, #ANR-10-COHO-06
Organisme : fondation pour la recherche médicale (frm)
ID : #20RR052-00
Organisme : inserm
ID : #C20-26
Investigateurs
Fabrice Carrat
(F)
Pierre-Yves Ancel
(PY)
Nathalie Bajos
(N)
Marie-Aline Charles
(MA)
Gianluca Severi
(G)
Mathilde Touvier
(M)
Marie Zins
(M)
Sofiane Kab
(S)
Adeline Renuy
(A)
Stephane Le-Got
(S)
Celine Ribet
(C)
Emmanuel Wiernik
(E)
Marcel Goldberg
(M)
Marie Zins
(M)
Fanny Artaud
(F)
Pascale Gerbouin-Rérolle
(P)
Mélody Enguix
(M)
Camille Laplanche
(C)
Roselyn Gomes-Rima
(R)
Lyan Hoang
(L)
Emmanuelle Correia
(E)
Alpha Amadou Barry
(AA)
Nadège Senina
(N)
Gianluca Severi
(G)
Fabien Szabo de Edelenyi
(FS)
Julien Allègre
(J)
Nathalie Druesne-Pecollo
(N)
Younes Esseddik
(Y)
Serge Hercberg
(S)
Mathilde Touvier
(M)
Marie-Aline Charles
(MA)
Pierre-Yves Ancel
(PY)
Valérie Benhammou
(V)
Anass Ritmi
(A)
Laetitia Marchand
(L)
Cecile Zaros
(C)
Elodie Lordmi
(E)
Adriana Candea
(A)
Sophie de Visme
(S)
Thierry Simeon
(T)
Xavier Thierry
(X)
Bertrand Geay
(B)
Marie-Noelle Dufourg
(MN)
Karen Milcent
(K)
Clovis Lusivika-Nzinga
(C)
Gregory Pannetier
(G)
Nathanael Lapidus
(N)
Isabelle Goderel
(I)
Céline Dorival
(C)
Jérôme Nicol
(J)
Fabrice Carrat
(F)
Cindy Lai
(C)
Hélène Esperou
(H)
Sandrine Couffin-Cadiergues
(S)
Jean-Marie Gagliolo
(JM)
Hélène Blanché
(H)
Jean-Marc Sébaoun
(JM)
Jean-Christophe Beaudoin
(JC)
Laetitia Gressin
(L)
Valérie Morel
(V)
Ouissam Ouili
(O)
Jean-François Deleuze
(JF)
Stéphane Priet
(S)
Paola Mariela Saba Villarroel
(PMS)
Toscane Fourié
(T)
Souand Mohamed Ali
(SM)
Abdenour Amroun
(A)
Morgan Seston
(M)
Nazli Ayhan
(N)
Boris Pastorino
(B)
Xavier de Lamballerie
(X)
Informations de copyright
© 2021. The Author(s).
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