Impact of vaginal douching products on vaginal Lactobacillus, Escherichia coli and epithelial immune responses.
Acetic Acid
Cell Survival
Coculture Techniques
Cytokines
/ metabolism
Epithelium
/ drug effects
Escherichia coli
/ drug effects
Female
Humans
Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
Immune System
Interleukin-6
/ biosynthesis
Interleukin-8
/ biosynthesis
Iodine
Lactobacillus
/ drug effects
Lactobacillus crispatus
Lactobacillus gasseri
Microbial Sensitivity Tests
Risk
Sodium Bicarbonate
Urinary Tract Infections
/ etiology
Vagina
/ drug effects
Vaginal Douching
/ adverse effects
Journal
Scientific reports
ISSN: 2045-2322
Titre abrégé: Sci Rep
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101563288
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
29 11 2021
29 11 2021
Historique:
received:
30
06
2021
accepted:
09
11
2021
entrez:
30
11
2021
pubmed:
1
12
2021
medline:
27
1
2022
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
We compared the effect of commercial vaginal douching products on Lactobacillus crispatus, L. jensenii, L. gasseri, L. iners, E. coli, and immortalized vaginal epithelial cells (VK2). All studied douching products (vinegar, iodine and baking soda based) induced epithelial cell death, and all inhibited growth of E. coli. Co-culture of vaginal epithelial cells with any of the lactobacilli immediately following exposure to douching products resulted in a trend to less human cell death. However, co-culture of epithelial cells with L. iners was associated with higher production of IL6 and IL8, and lower IL1RA regardless of presence or type of douching solution. Co-culture with L. crispatus or L. jensenii decreased IL6 production in the absence of douches, but increased IL6 production after exposure to vinegar. Douching products may be associated with epithelial disruption and inflammation, and may reduce the anti-inflammatory effects of beneficial lactobacilli.
Identifiants
pubmed: 34845288
doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-02426-5
pii: 10.1038/s41598-021-02426-5
pmc: PMC8629978
doi:
Substances chimiques
CXCL8 protein, human
0
Cytokines
0
IL6 protein, human
0
Interleukin-6
0
Interleukin-8
0
Sodium Bicarbonate
8MDF5V39QO
Iodine
9679TC07X4
Acetic Acid
Q40Q9N063P
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
23069Informations de copyright
© 2021. The Author(s).
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