Ischemic stroke in COVID-19 patients: Mechanisms, treatment, and outcomes in a consecutive Swiss Stroke Registry analysis.


Journal

European journal of neurology
ISSN: 1468-1331
Titre abrégé: Eur J Neurol
Pays: England
ID NLM: 9506311

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
03 2022
Historique:
revised: 25 11 2021
received: 02 10 2021
accepted: 26 11 2021
pubmed: 1 12 2021
medline: 15 2 2022
entrez: 30 11 2021
Statut: ppublish

Résumé

Most case series of patients with ischemic stroke (IS) and COVID-19 are limited to selected centers or lack 3-month outcomes. The aim of this study was to describe the frequency, clinical and radiological features, and 3-month outcomes of patients with IS and COVID-19 in a nationwide stroke registry. From the Swiss Stroke Registry (SSR), we included all consecutive IS patients ≥18 years admitted to Swiss Stroke Centers or Stroke Units during the first wave of COVID-19 (25 February to 8 June 2020). We compared baseline features, etiology, and 3-month outcome of SARS-CoV-2 polymerase chain reaction-positive (PCR+) IS patients to SARS-CoV-2 PCR- and/or asymptomatic non-tested IS patients. Of the 2341 IS patients registered in the SSR during the study period, 36 (1.5%) had confirmed COVID-19 infection, of which 33 were within 1 month before or after stroke onset. In multivariate analysis, COVID+ patients had more lesions in multiple vascular territories (OR 2.35, 95% CI 1.08-5.14, p = 0.032) and fewer cryptogenic strokes (OR 0.37, 95% CI 0.14-0.99, p = 0.049). COVID-19 was judged the likely principal cause of stroke in 8 patients (24%), a contributing/triggering factor in 12 (36%), and likely not contributing to stroke in 13 patients (40%). There was a strong trend towards worse functional outcome in COVID+ patients after propensity score (PS) adjustment for age, stroke severity, and revascularization treatments (PS-adjusted common OR for shift towards higher modified Rankin Scale (mRS) = 1.85, 95% CI 0.96-3.58, p = 0.07). In this nationwide analysis of consecutive ischemic strokes, concomitant COVID-19 was relatively rare. COVID+ patients more often had multi-territory stroke and less often cryptogenic stroke, and their 3-month functional outcome tended to be worse.

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND
Most case series of patients with ischemic stroke (IS) and COVID-19 are limited to selected centers or lack 3-month outcomes. The aim of this study was to describe the frequency, clinical and radiological features, and 3-month outcomes of patients with IS and COVID-19 in a nationwide stroke registry.
METHODS
From the Swiss Stroke Registry (SSR), we included all consecutive IS patients ≥18 years admitted to Swiss Stroke Centers or Stroke Units during the first wave of COVID-19 (25 February to 8 June 2020). We compared baseline features, etiology, and 3-month outcome of SARS-CoV-2 polymerase chain reaction-positive (PCR+) IS patients to SARS-CoV-2 PCR- and/or asymptomatic non-tested IS patients.
RESULTS
Of the 2341 IS patients registered in the SSR during the study period, 36 (1.5%) had confirmed COVID-19 infection, of which 33 were within 1 month before or after stroke onset. In multivariate analysis, COVID+ patients had more lesions in multiple vascular territories (OR 2.35, 95% CI 1.08-5.14, p = 0.032) and fewer cryptogenic strokes (OR 0.37, 95% CI 0.14-0.99, p = 0.049). COVID-19 was judged the likely principal cause of stroke in 8 patients (24%), a contributing/triggering factor in 12 (36%), and likely not contributing to stroke in 13 patients (40%). There was a strong trend towards worse functional outcome in COVID+ patients after propensity score (PS) adjustment for age, stroke severity, and revascularization treatments (PS-adjusted common OR for shift towards higher modified Rankin Scale (mRS) = 1.85, 95% CI 0.96-3.58, p = 0.07).
CONCLUSIONS
In this nationwide analysis of consecutive ischemic strokes, concomitant COVID-19 was relatively rare. COVID+ patients more often had multi-territory stroke and less often cryptogenic stroke, and their 3-month functional outcome tended to be worse.

Identifiants

pubmed: 34845794
doi: 10.1111/ene.15199
pmc: PMC9299927
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Pagination

732-743

Subventions

Organisme : Schweizerische Herzstiftung

Informations de copyright

© 2021 The Authors. European Journal of Neurology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of European Academy of Neurology.

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Auteurs

Davide Strambo (D)

Stroke Center, Neurology Service, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.

Gian Marco De Marchis (GM)

Stroke Center, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.

Leo H Bonati (LH)

Stroke Center, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.

Marcel Arnold (M)

Stroke Center, Department of Neurology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.

Emmanuel Carrera (E)

Stroke Center, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland.

Santi Galletta (S)

Stroke Center, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland.

Krassen Nedeltchev (K)

Stroke Center, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland.

Timo Kahles (T)

Stroke Center, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland.

Carlo W Cereda (CW)

Stroke Center, Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland, Lugano, Switzerland.

Giovanni Bianco (G)

Stroke Center, Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland, Lugano, Switzerland.

Georg Kägi (G)

Stroke Center, Kantonsspital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland.

Andreas R Luft (AR)

Stroke Center, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Cereneo Center for Neurology and Rehabilitation, Vitznau, Switzerland.

Manuel Bolognese (M)

Stroke Center, Kantonsspital Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland.

Lehel-Barna Lakatos (LB)

Stroke Center, Kantonsspital Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland.

Stephan Salmen (S)

Stroke Unit, Spitalzentrum Biel, Biel, Switzerland.

Pamela Correia (P)

Stroke Unit, Spitalzentrum Biel, Biel, Switzerland.

Rolf Sturzenegger (R)

Stroke Unit, Kantonsspital Graubünden, Chur, Switzerland.

Albert Sylvan (A)

Stroke Unit, Kantonsspital Graubünden, Chur, Switzerland.

Friedrich Medlin (F)

Stroke Unit, HFR Fribourg - Hôpital Cantonal, Fribourg, Switzerland.

Christian Berger (C)

Stroke Unit, Cantonal Hospital of Grabs, Grabs, Switzerland.

Florian Lindheimer (F)

Stroke Unit, Cantonal Hospital of Grabs, Grabs, Switzerland.

Markus Baumgärtner (M)

Stroke Unit, Kantonsspital Münsterlingen, Münsterlingen, Switzerland.

Ludwig Schelosky (L)

Stroke Unit, Kantonsspital Münsterlingen, Münsterlingen, Switzerland.

Christophe Bonvin (C)

Stroke Unit, Hôpital du Valais, Sion, Switzerland.

Marie-Luise Mono (ML)

Stroke Center, Department of Neurology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
Stroke Unit, Stadtspital Waid and Triemli, Zurich, Switzerland.

Biljana Rodic (B)

Stroke Unit, Kantonsspital Winterthur, Winterthur, Switzerland.

Andrea von Reding (A)

Stroke Unit, Kantonsspital Winterthur, Winterthur, Switzerland.

Guido Schwegler (G)

Stroke Unit, Stroke Unit, Spital Limmattal, Schlieren, Switzerland.

Federico Massini (F)

Stroke Unit, Stroke Unit, Spital Limmattal, Schlieren, Switzerland.

Alexander A Tarnutzer (AA)

Stroke Unit, Cantonal Hospital of Baden, Baden, Switzerland.

Shadi Taheri (S)

Stroke Center, Klinik Hirslanden, Zurich, Switzerland.

Nils Peters (N)

Stroke Center, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
Stroke Center, Klinik Hirslanden, Zurich, Switzerland.

Morin Beyeler (M)

Stroke Center, Department of Neurology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.

Valerian Altersberger (V)

Stroke Center, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.

Stefan T Engelter (ST)

Stroke Center, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
Neurorehabilitation, University Department of Geriatric Medicine Felix Platter, Basel, Switzerland.

Urs Fischer (U)

Stroke Center, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
Stroke Center, Department of Neurology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.

Patrik Michel (P)

Stroke Center, Neurology Service, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.

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