[Anatomy and physiology of traumatic stress].
Anatomie et physiologie du stress traumatique.
Journal
Medecine sciences : M/S
ISSN: 1958-5381
Titre abrégé: Med Sci (Paris)
Pays: France
ID NLM: 8710980
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Nov 2021
Nov 2021
Historique:
entrez:
1
12
2021
pubmed:
2
12
2021
medline:
22
12
2021
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Facing a more or less intrusive stress, some individuals can cope as they are more resilient, while others get traumatized and further develop a Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Individuals are not equal facing traumatic stress for genetic/epigenetic or personal reasons. This review analyzes from animal models to human, the neurobiological changes detected when the stress switch from adaptable in everyday life to pathological leading to PTSD. Fear memories lead to the disruption of the anatomy/morphology of emotional-memory networks centered on the amygaloïd complex and hippocampal hub associated with the homeostatic unbalance of the body-brain exchanges of molecules such as hormones, neuromodulators or peptides. Persistent fear memories are hardly handled by the frontal ability for decision making towards action. But these fear memories can be revisited by different therapies recruiting cerebral plasticity and resilience. Current understanding of PTSD allowed to develop a series of efficient treatments associating precise medicine to diverse body-mind therapies. Anatomie et physiologie du stress traumatique. Le stress prend des formes très variées, allant de bénéfique, bénigne à traumatique. Chaque individu avec son patrimoine génétique et épigénétique et ses mémoires émotionnelles singulières réagit différemment face au stress. L’effet du stress aigu ou chronique est objectivé par l’élévation d’hormones, comme le cortisol, et d’autres molécules circulantes, évoluant au cours du temps. Après avoir décrit les comportements face au danger, nous exposons dans cette Synthèse, les différentes régulations anatomiques et physiologiques susceptibles de varier lors du passage d’un stress adaptable à un stress traumatique (et de ses mémoires), pouvant entraîner l’installation de troubles de stress post-traumatique (TSPT). Des traitements médicamenteux et des thérapies novatrices permettent d’initier l’extinction des mémoires associées à la peur et d’améliorer la prise en charge des troubles de stress post-traumatiques.
Autres résumés
Type: Publisher
(fre)
Anatomie et physiologie du stress traumatique.
Identifiants
pubmed: 34851276
doi: 10.1051/medsci/2021165
pii: msc200619
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
fre
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
1002-1010Informations de copyright
© 2021 médecine/sciences – Inserm.
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