Women's Experiences of Using Anabolic Androgenic Steroids.

anabolic androgenic steroids doping phenomenology reflective lifeworld research women

Journal

Frontiers in sports and active living
ISSN: 2624-9367
Titre abrégé: Front Sports Act Living
Pays: Switzerland
ID NLM: 101765780

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
2021
Historique:
received: 25 01 2021
accepted: 19 10 2021
entrez: 3 12 2021
pubmed: 4 12 2021
medline: 4 12 2021
Statut: epublish

Résumé

Anabolic androgenic steroids are used by women to increase their muscle mass and because of their performance-enhancing effects. Despite permanent/high risk of side effects, knowledge is inadequate. Our aim has been to deepen understanding about women's use of anabolic androgenic steroids. This phenomenological study is based on the reflective lifeworld research (RLR) approach. Lifeworld interviews were conducted with 12 women, aged 21-56 years, about their experiences of using anabolic steroids. The results show that women experience a sense of pride when they successfully achieve their goals. This is the driving force, triggering tension between suffering and success. Our research adds important knowledge from a reflective lifeworld perspective and shows that women's use of anabolic androgenic steroids is a complex phenomenon. Understanding and knowledge are important in order to be able to meet and support women in their fears and difficulties.

Identifiants

pubmed: 34859201
doi: 10.3389/fspor.2021.656413
pmc: PMC8632252
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Pagination

656413

Informations de copyright

Copyright © 2021 Börjesson, Ekebergh, Dahl, Ekström, Lehtihet and Vicente.

Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Références

Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2008 Apr;18(2):221-34
pubmed: 17617173
Int J Qual Stud Health Well-being. 2011;6(4):
pubmed: 22171225
Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2003 Nov;59(8-9):571-7
pubmed: 13680032
JAMA. 1985 May 17;253(19):2871-3
pubmed: 3989963
Sports Med. 2017 Feb;47(2):233-259
pubmed: 27245060
J Behav Addict. 2013 Dec;2(4):244-8
pubmed: 25215207
Psychosomatics. 1997 Nov-Dec;38(6):548-57
pubmed: 9427852
Scand J Psychol. 2016 Oct;57(5):419-26
pubmed: 27452914
Drug Alcohol Depend. 2007 May 11;88(2-3):156-62
pubmed: 17127018
Int J Eat Disord. 2019 Mar;52(3):219-229
pubmed: 30632629
Qual Health Res. 2017 Sep;27(11):1738-1747
pubmed: 28799478
Work. 2012;43(2):123-31
pubmed: 22927616
Sociol Methodol. 2011 Aug 1;41(1):355-366
pubmed: 22228916
Compr Psychiatry. 1993 Nov-Dec;34(6):406-9
pubmed: 8131385
Medicina (Kaunas). 2020 May 28;56(6):
pubmed: 32481676
N Engl J Med. 1996 Jul 4;335(1):1-7
pubmed: 8637535
Lancet. 2008 May 31;371(9627):1872-82
pubmed: 18514731
Psychol Bull. 2019 Apr;145(4):410-429
pubmed: 29283599
Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes. 2012 Jun;19(3):211-9
pubmed: 22450858
Psychother Psychosom. 2000;69(1):19-26
pubmed: 10601831
Subst Abuse Treat Prev Policy. 2008 Nov 28;3:24
pubmed: 19040748
J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2011 Nov;127(3-5):295-300
pubmed: 21884791
Subst Abuse Treat Prev Policy. 2016 Mar 05;11:11
pubmed: 26945991
J Strength Cond Res. 2007 May;21(2):354-61
pubmed: 17530941
Br J Sports Med. 2020 May;54(10):599-604
pubmed: 31615775
Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1991 Nov;165(5 Pt 1):1385-90
pubmed: 1835565
Depress Anxiety. 2010 Jun;27(6):573-91
pubmed: 20533368
Am J Psychiatry. 2000 Aug;157(8):1291-6
pubmed: 10910793

Auteurs

Annica Börjesson (A)

Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.

Margaretha Ekebergh (M)

Faculty of Caring Science, Work Life and Social Welfare, University of Borås, Borås, Sweden.

Marja-Liisa Dahl (ML)

Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.

Lena Ekström (L)

Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.

Mikael Lehtihet (M)

Department of Medicine, Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.

Veronica Vicente (V)

Department of Clinical Science and Education, Stockholm South Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.

Classifications MeSH