Immunogenicity of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Infection and Ad26.CoV2.S Vaccination in People Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV).
Ad26.CoV2.S vaccines
HIV viremia
SARS-CoV-2
immunogenicity
neutralization
Journal
Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America
ISSN: 1537-6591
Titre abrégé: Clin Infect Dis
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 9203213
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
24 08 2022
24 08 2022
Historique:
received:
14
10
2021
pubmed:
12
12
2021
medline:
30
8
2022
entrez:
11
12
2021
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
People living with HIV (PLWH) have been reported to have a higher risk of more severe COVID-19 disease and death. We assessed the ability of the Ad26.CoV2.S vaccine to elicit neutralizing activity against the Delta variant in PLWH relative to HIV-negative individuals. We also examined effects of HIV status and suppression on Delta neutralization response in SARS-CoV-2-infected unvaccinated participants. We enrolled participants who were vaccinated through the SISONKE South African clinical trial of the Ad26.CoV2.S vaccine in healthcare workers (HCWs). PLWH in this group had well-controlled HIV infection. We also enrolled unvaccinated participants previously infected with SARS-CoV-2. Neutralization capacity was assessed by a live virus neutralization assay of the Delta variant. Most Ad26.CoV2.S vaccinated HCWs were previously infected with SARS-CoV-2. In this group, Delta variant neutralization was 9-fold higher compared with the infected-only group and 26-fold higher relative to the vaccinated-only group. No decrease in Delta variant neutralization was observed in PLWH relative to HIV-negative participants. In contrast, SARS-CoV-2-infected, unvaccinated PLWH showed 7-fold lower neutralization and a higher frequency of nonresponders, with the highest frequency of nonresponders in people with HIV viremia. Vaccinated-only participants showed low neutralization capacity. The neutralization response of the Delta variant following Ad26.CoV2.S vaccination in PLWH with well-controlled HIV was not inferior to HIV-negative participants, irrespective of past SARS-CoV-2 infection. In SARS-CoV-2-infected and nonvaccinated participants, HIV infection reduced the neutralization response to SARS-CoV-2, with the strongest reduction in HIV viremic individuals.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
People living with HIV (PLWH) have been reported to have a higher risk of more severe COVID-19 disease and death. We assessed the ability of the Ad26.CoV2.S vaccine to elicit neutralizing activity against the Delta variant in PLWH relative to HIV-negative individuals. We also examined effects of HIV status and suppression on Delta neutralization response in SARS-CoV-2-infected unvaccinated participants.
METHODS
We enrolled participants who were vaccinated through the SISONKE South African clinical trial of the Ad26.CoV2.S vaccine in healthcare workers (HCWs). PLWH in this group had well-controlled HIV infection. We also enrolled unvaccinated participants previously infected with SARS-CoV-2. Neutralization capacity was assessed by a live virus neutralization assay of the Delta variant.
RESULTS
Most Ad26.CoV2.S vaccinated HCWs were previously infected with SARS-CoV-2. In this group, Delta variant neutralization was 9-fold higher compared with the infected-only group and 26-fold higher relative to the vaccinated-only group. No decrease in Delta variant neutralization was observed in PLWH relative to HIV-negative participants. In contrast, SARS-CoV-2-infected, unvaccinated PLWH showed 7-fold lower neutralization and a higher frequency of nonresponders, with the highest frequency of nonresponders in people with HIV viremia. Vaccinated-only participants showed low neutralization capacity.
CONCLUSIONS
The neutralization response of the Delta variant following Ad26.CoV2.S vaccination in PLWH with well-controlled HIV was not inferior to HIV-negative participants, irrespective of past SARS-CoV-2 infection. In SARS-CoV-2-infected and nonvaccinated participants, HIV infection reduced the neutralization response to SARS-CoV-2, with the strongest reduction in HIV viremic individuals.
Identifiants
pubmed: 34893824
pii: 6459255
doi: 10.1093/cid/ciab1008
pmc: PMC8689810
doi:
Substances chimiques
Ad26COVS1
JT2NS6183B
Antibodies, Neutralizing
0
Antibodies, Viral
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
e857-e864Subventions
Organisme : NIAID NIH HHS
ID : R01 AI138546
Pays : United States
Investigateurs
Adrie Steyn
(A)
Alasdair Leslie
(A)
Dirhona Ramjit
(D)
Emily Wong
(E)
Guy Harling
(G)
Henrik Kloverpris
(H)
Jackson Marakalala
(J)
Janet Seeley
(J)
Jennifer Giandhari
(J)
Kaylesh Dullabh
(K)
Kennedy Nyamande
(K)
Kobus Herbst
(K)
Kogie Naidoo
(K)
Matilda Mazibuko
(M)
Moherndran Archary
(M)
Mosa Moshabela
(M)
Nesri Padayatchi
(N)
Nigel Klein
(N)
Nikiwe Mbatha
(N)
Nokuthula Ngcobo
(N)
Nokwanda Gumede
(N)
Nokwanda Ngcobo
(N)
Philip Goulder
(P)
Prakash Jeena
(P)
Rajhmun Madansein
(R)
Ravindra K Gupta
(RK)
Rohen Harrichandparsad
(R)
Samita Singh
(S)
Thandeka Khoza
(T)
Theresa Smit
(T)
Thumbi Ndung'u
(T)
Vinod Patel
(V)
Zaza Ndhlovu
(Z)
Informations de copyright
© The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press for the Infectious Diseases Society of America.
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