Khat (Catha Edulis Forsk) induced apoptosis and cytotoxicity in cultured cells: A scoping review.
Apoptosis
Catha edulis
Cytotoxicity
Khat extract
Reactive oxygen species
Journal
Heliyon
ISSN: 2405-8440
Titre abrégé: Heliyon
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101672560
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Dec 2021
Dec 2021
Historique:
received:
01
07
2021
revised:
05
08
2021
accepted:
19
11
2021
entrez:
20
12
2021
pubmed:
21
12
2021
medline:
21
12
2021
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Khat (Catha edulis Forsk) leaves are chewed by people in certain regions of East Africa and the Middle East for their stimulating amphetamine-like effects. The purpose of this scoping review is to systematically map the current in vitro publications that investigated the toxicological potential effects of khat on cultured human or animal cells in terms of cellular viability and activity. A comprehensive electronic database search was undertaken up to December 2020 without starting date or language restrictions in accordance with the PRISMA extension for scoping review guideline and methodological quality evaluation based on the guidelines for reporting pre-clinical in vitro studies on dental materials. All The initial search yielded 599 articles and 16 articles were finally selected to be included. The treatment of cells with khat produced different degrees of cellular changes, including decreased cellular survival, induction of apoptosis, increased ROS production, alteration of cell phenotype, and of arrest cell cycle. In this contest, khat-exposed cells expressed higher levels of pro-apoptotic protein Bax and lower levels of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2, up-regulated p38, p53, p16, and p21 proteins, as well as premature expression of differentiation markers. Based on the current scoping review, khat induced apoptosis and cytotoxicity in cultured human cells, including oral cells.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
BACKGROUND
Khat (Catha edulis Forsk) leaves are chewed by people in certain regions of East Africa and the Middle East for their stimulating amphetamine-like effects. The purpose of this scoping review is to systematically map the current in vitro publications that investigated the toxicological potential effects of khat on cultured human or animal cells in terms of cellular viability and activity.
METHODS
METHODS
A comprehensive electronic database search was undertaken up to December 2020 without starting date or language restrictions in accordance with the PRISMA extension for scoping review guideline and methodological quality evaluation based on the guidelines for reporting pre-clinical in vitro studies on dental materials. All
RESULTS
RESULTS
The initial search yielded 599 articles and 16 articles were finally selected to be included. The treatment of cells with khat produced different degrees of cellular changes, including decreased cellular survival, induction of apoptosis, increased ROS production, alteration of cell phenotype, and of arrest cell cycle. In this contest, khat-exposed cells expressed higher levels of pro-apoptotic protein Bax and lower levels of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2, up-regulated p38, p53, p16, and p21 proteins, as well as premature expression of differentiation markers.
CONCLUSION
CONCLUSIONS
Based on the current scoping review, khat induced apoptosis and cytotoxicity in cultured human cells, including oral cells.
Identifiants
pubmed: 34926848
doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e08466
pii: S2405-8440(21)02569-X
pmc: PMC8646973
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Pagination
e08466Informations de copyright
© 2021 The Author(s).
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
The authors declare no conflict of interest.
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