Sodium hypochlorite as an oxidizing agent for removal of soil organic matter before microplastics analyses.
Journal
Journal of environmental quality
ISSN: 1537-2537
Titre abrégé: J Environ Qual
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 0330666
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Jan 2022
Jan 2022
Historique:
received:
06
08
2021
accepted:
16
12
2021
pubmed:
23
12
2021
medline:
5
2
2022
entrez:
22
12
2021
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
The omnipresence of microplastics (MPs) across Earth's surface has raised concerns about their environmental impact and created an urgent need for methods to identify them in complex soil and sedimentary matrices. However, detecting MPs in the O horizons of soils is difficult because plastic polymers share many physical and chemical properties with natural soil organic matter (SOM). In this study, we assessed whether sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), a reagent that can oxidize SOM and simultaneously preserve mineral constituents, can be used for MP analysis and characterization in soil environments. In addition, we scrutinized how factors such as MP size, polymer type, extraction methods, and soil matrix affect the recovery of microplastic particles. We used both hydrophobic and density-dependent separation methods to assess the effects of our oxidation treatment on the recovery of MP. We observed that NaOCl effectively removed SOM without greatly altering the surface properties of resistant MP polymers (polypropylene, polylactic acid, low-density polyethylene, and polyethylene terephthalate), which were characterized using scanning electron microscopy and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy after SOM removal. The NaOCl treatment caused some chlorination and formation of additional C-OH bonds on polymer surfaces, which likely contributed to the reduced efficiency of the hydrophobic-based (oil) extraction. We conclude that NaOCl treatment can improve detection of MPs in SOM-rich soil and that recovery of MPs from soils is influenced by MP size, polymer type, extraction method, and soil type, which makes it challenging to develop a universal analytical method.
Substances chimiques
Microplastics
0
Oxidants
0
Plastics
0
Soil
0
Water Pollutants, Chemical
0
Sodium Hypochlorite
DY38VHM5OD
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
112-122Subventions
Organisme : Swedish Research Council
ID : 2017-04548
Informations de copyright
© 2021 The Authors. Journal of Environmental Quality published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, and Soil Science Society of America.
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