Heavy metal ion concentration in the amniotic fluid of preterm and term pregnancies from two cities with different industrial output.
amniocentesis
amniotic fluid
heavy industry
heavy metals
ions
pregnancy
preterm
term
Journal
Experimental and therapeutic medicine
ISSN: 1792-1015
Titre abrégé: Exp Ther Med
Pays: Greece
ID NLM: 101531947
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Feb 2022
Feb 2022
Historique:
received:
11
10
2021
accepted:
10
11
2021
entrez:
31
12
2021
pubmed:
1
1
2022
medline:
1
1
2022
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
The growth and development of the fetus is a complex phenomenon that can be influenced by several variables. High quantities of heavy metal ions in the amniotic fluid have been linked to poor health, especially in industrial, polluted and poor areas. The aim of the present study was to assess the differences in the concentration of these ions between preterm (weeks 15-37) and term pregnancies (starting at week 37). Another objective was to compare pregnancies from two cities with different industry levels. Two sample lots from two Romanian cities were analyzed. A total of 100 patients from Timisoara were compared with 60 from Petrosani, a heavy industry city in Romania. Demographic data were collected, and amniocentesis was performed on all women. Lead (Pb), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), cadmium (Cd), arsenic (As), iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) concentrations were assessed. Descriptive and analytical statistics were performed using the Mann-Whitney U test for non-parametric data and the Fisher's exact test for categorical data. In addition, categorical data was represented graphically. In the Timisoara cohort, the differences in heavy metal concentrations between preterm and term pregnancies were not statistically significant. In the Petrosani cohort, however, the concentrations of Zn (P=0.02606) and Cd (P=0.01512) were higher in preterm than in term pregnancies. When comparing the two cohorts as a whole, the concentration of Pb (P=0.04513), Cd (P=0.00002), As (P=0.03027) and Zn (P<0.00001) were higher in the patients from Petrosani than in those from Timisoara. Only Cu concentrations were higher in the Timisoara cohort (P<0.00001). The concentrations of Ni (P=0.78150) and Fe (P=0.44540) did not differ statistically. Thus, amniocentesis is an important diagnostic and exploratory tool in determining differences in the concentrations of elements such as heavy metal ions. Research over a longer period of time should be carried out to examine the relation between heavy metal ions concentration and possible postnatal health outcomes.
Identifiants
pubmed: 34970334
doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.11034
pii: ETM-0-0-11034
pmc: PMC8713173
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Pagination
111Informations de copyright
Copyright: © Neamtu et al.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
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