Cross-reactive memory T cells associate with protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection in COVID-19 contacts.
Adult
Antibodies, Viral
/ immunology
COVID-19
/ epidemiology
Contact Tracing
/ methods
Coronavirus
/ immunology
Cross Reactions
/ immunology
Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte
/ immunology
Female
Humans
Male
Memory T Cells
/ immunology
Middle Aged
Pandemics
/ prevention & control
SARS-CoV-2
/ genetics
Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus
/ genetics
Viral Proteins
/ genetics
Young Adult
Journal
Nature communications
ISSN: 2041-1723
Titre abrégé: Nat Commun
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101528555
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
10 01 2022
10 01 2022
Historique:
received:
07
08
2021
accepted:
01
12
2021
entrez:
11
1
2022
pubmed:
12
1
2022
medline:
27
1
2022
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Cross-reactive immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 have been observed in pre-pandemic cohorts and proposed to contribute to host protection. Here we assess 52 COVID-19 household contacts to capture immune responses at the earliest timepoints after SARS-CoV-2 exposure. Using a dual cytokine FLISpot assay on peripheral blood mononuclear cells, we enumerate the frequency of T cells specific for spike, nucleocapsid, membrane, envelope and ORF1 SARS-CoV-2 epitopes that cross-react with human endemic coronaviruses. We observe higher frequencies of cross-reactive (p = 0.0139), and nucleocapsid-specific (p = 0.0355) IL-2-secreting memory T cells in contacts who remained PCR-negative despite exposure (n = 26), when compared with those who convert to PCR-positive (n = 26); no significant difference in the frequency of responses to spike is observed, hinting at a limited protective function of spike-cross-reactive T cells. Our results are thus consistent with pre-existing non-spike cross-reactive memory T cells protecting SARS-CoV-2-naïve contacts from infection, thereby supporting the inclusion of non-spike antigens in second-generation vaccines.
Identifiants
pubmed: 35013199
doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-27674-x
pii: 10.1038/s41467-021-27674-x
pmc: PMC8748880
doi:
Substances chimiques
Antibodies, Viral
0
Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte
0
Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus
0
Viral Proteins
0
spike protein, SARS-CoV-2
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
80Subventions
Organisme : DH | National Institute for Health Research (NIHR)
ID : NIHR 200927
Organisme : RCUK | Medical Research Council (MRC)
ID : MR/R021643/1
Commentaires et corrections
Type : CommentIn
Informations de copyright
© 2022. The Author(s).
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