Insights into the direct anti-influenza virus mode of action of Rhodiola rosea.
Acute respiratory infection
Influenza
Natural product
Prodelphinidin gallate oligomers
Resistance
Roseroot
Journal
Phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology
ISSN: 1618-095X
Titre abrégé: Phytomedicine
Pays: Germany
ID NLM: 9438794
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Feb 2022
Feb 2022
Historique:
received:
23
08
2021
revised:
24
11
2021
accepted:
11
12
2021
pubmed:
14
1
2022
medline:
27
1
2022
entrez:
13
1
2022
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
The anti-influenza A virus activities and contents of previously isolated most active flavonoids (rhodiosin and tricin) from a standardized hydro-ethanolic R. rosea root and rhizome extract (SHR-5®), did not fully explain the efficacy of SHR-5®. Moreover, the mode of antiviral action of SHR-5® is unknown. To determine the anti-influenza viral principle of SHR-5® we evaluated i) the combined anti-influenza virus effect of rhodiosin and tricin, ii) the impact of its tannin-enriched fraction (TE), iii) its antiviral spectrum and mode of action, and iv) its propensity for resistance development in vitro. The combined anti-influenza virus effect of rhodiosin and tricin and the impact of TE were investigated with cytopathic effect (CPE)-inhibition assays in MDCK cells. A tannin-depleted fraction (TD) and TE were prepared by polyamide column chromatography and dereplicated by LC-MS. Plaque-reduction assays provided insights into the anti-influenza virus profile, the mode of action, and the propensity for resistance development of SHR-5®. Our results i) did not reveal synergistic anti-influenza A virus effects of rhodiosin and tricin, but ii) proved a strong impact of TE mainly composed of prodelphinidin gallate oligomers. iii) TE inhibited the plaque-production of influenza virus A(H1N1)pdm09, A(H3N2), and B (Victoria and Yamagata) isolates (including isolates resistant to neuraminidase and/or M2 ion channel inhibitors) with 50% inhibitory concentration values between 0.12 - 0.53 µg/ml similar to SHR-5®. Mechanistic studies proved a virucidal activity, inhibition of viral adsorption, viral neuraminidase activity, and virus spread by SHR-5® and TE. iv) No resistance development was observed in vitro. For the first time a comprehensive analysis of the anti-influenza virus profile of a hydro-ethanolic R. rosea extract (SHR-5®) was assessed in vitro. The results demonstrating broad-spectrum multiple direct anti-influenza virus activities, and a lack of resistance development to SHR-5® together with its known augmentation of host defense, support its potential role as an adaptogen against influenza virus infection.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
BACKGROUND
The anti-influenza A virus activities and contents of previously isolated most active flavonoids (rhodiosin and tricin) from a standardized hydro-ethanolic R. rosea root and rhizome extract (SHR-5®), did not fully explain the efficacy of SHR-5®. Moreover, the mode of antiviral action of SHR-5® is unknown.
PURPOSE
OBJECTIVE
To determine the anti-influenza viral principle of SHR-5® we evaluated i) the combined anti-influenza virus effect of rhodiosin and tricin, ii) the impact of its tannin-enriched fraction (TE), iii) its antiviral spectrum and mode of action, and iv) its propensity for resistance development in vitro.
METHODS
METHODS
The combined anti-influenza virus effect of rhodiosin and tricin and the impact of TE were investigated with cytopathic effect (CPE)-inhibition assays in MDCK cells. A tannin-depleted fraction (TD) and TE were prepared by polyamide column chromatography and dereplicated by LC-MS. Plaque-reduction assays provided insights into the anti-influenza virus profile, the mode of action, and the propensity for resistance development of SHR-5®.
RESULTS
RESULTS
Our results i) did not reveal synergistic anti-influenza A virus effects of rhodiosin and tricin, but ii) proved a strong impact of TE mainly composed of prodelphinidin gallate oligomers. iii) TE inhibited the plaque-production of influenza virus A(H1N1)pdm09, A(H3N2), and B (Victoria and Yamagata) isolates (including isolates resistant to neuraminidase and/or M2 ion channel inhibitors) with 50% inhibitory concentration values between 0.12 - 0.53 µg/ml similar to SHR-5®. Mechanistic studies proved a virucidal activity, inhibition of viral adsorption, viral neuraminidase activity, and virus spread by SHR-5® and TE. iv) No resistance development was observed in vitro.
CONCLUSION
CONCLUSIONS
For the first time a comprehensive analysis of the anti-influenza virus profile of a hydro-ethanolic R. rosea extract (SHR-5®) was assessed in vitro. The results demonstrating broad-spectrum multiple direct anti-influenza virus activities, and a lack of resistance development to SHR-5® together with its known augmentation of host defense, support its potential role as an adaptogen against influenza virus infection.
Identifiants
pubmed: 35026524
pii: S0944-7113(21)00435-9
doi: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153895
pii:
doi:
Substances chimiques
Antiviral Agents
0
Neuraminidase
EC 3.2.1.18
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
153895Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2021. Published by Elsevier GmbH.