In Their Own Words: How Trans Women Acquired HIV Infection.
HIV acquisition
Sexual violence
Trans women
Transgender persons
Journal
AIDS and behavior
ISSN: 1573-3254
Titre abrégé: AIDS Behav
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 9712133
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Jun 2022
Jun 2022
Historique:
accepted:
06
12
2021
pubmed:
16
1
2022
medline:
30
4
2022
entrez:
15
1
2022
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Despite high HIV prevalence, the reasons trans women acquire HIV are not well understood. Trans women are often mis-classified or aggregated with men who have sex with men (MSM) in epidemiologic studies and HIV surveillance data. Trans women enrolled in the 2019/2020 National HIV Behavioral Surveillance Study in San Francisco were asked an open-ended question about how they were infected with HIV. The most common responses were "Sex with a straight cisgender man partner when the respondent identified as a trans woman" (43.0%); "Sexual assault" (13.9%); "Injection drug use (IDU)" (10.1%); "IDU or sexual contact" (7.6%) and "Sex with a partner who injected drugs" (7.6%). Sex with a cisgender man partner prior to identifying as a trans women (MSM contact) was not mentioned by any respondent. HIV prevention strategies targeting MSM will fail to reach trans women and many of their cisgender men partners. A pesar de la alta prevalencia del VIH, las razones por las que las mujeres trans adquieren el VIH no se comprenden bien. Las mujeres trans a menudo se clasifican erróneamente o se agregan a los hombres que tienen sexo con hombres (HSH) en los estudios epidemiológicos y en los datos de vigilancia del VIH. A las mujeres trans inscritas en el Estudio Nacional de Vigilancia del Comportamiento del VIH 2019/2020 en San Francisco se les hizo una pregunta abierta sobre cómo se infectaron con el VIH. Las respuestas más comunes fueron "Sexo con una pareja heterosexual de hombre cisgénero cuando el encuestado se identificó como una mujer trans" (43,0%); “Agresión sexual” (13,9%); “Uso de drogas inyectables (UDI)” (10,1%); “UDI o contacto sexual” (7,6%) y “Sexo con pareja que se inyecta drogas” (7,6%). Ningún encuestado mencionó el sexo con una pareja hombre cisgénero antes de identificarse como mujer trans (contacto HSH). Las estrategias de prevención del VIH dirigidas a los HSH no llegarán a las mujeres trans ni a muchas de sus parejas masculinas.
Autres résumés
Type: Publisher
(spa)
A pesar de la alta prevalencia del VIH, las razones por las que las mujeres trans adquieren el VIH no se comprenden bien. Las mujeres trans a menudo se clasifican erróneamente o se agregan a los hombres que tienen sexo con hombres (HSH) en los estudios epidemiológicos y en los datos de vigilancia del VIH. A las mujeres trans inscritas en el Estudio Nacional de Vigilancia del Comportamiento del VIH 2019/2020 en San Francisco se les hizo una pregunta abierta sobre cómo se infectaron con el VIH. Las respuestas más comunes fueron "Sexo con una pareja heterosexual de hombre cisgénero cuando el encuestado se identificó como una mujer trans" (43,0%); “Agresión sexual” (13,9%); “Uso de drogas inyectables (UDI)” (10,1%); “UDI o contacto sexual” (7,6%) y “Sexo con pareja que se inyecta drogas” (7,6%). Ningún encuestado mencionó el sexo con una pareja hombre cisgénero antes de identificarse como mujer trans (contacto HSH). Las estrategias de prevención del VIH dirigidas a los HSH no llegarán a las mujeres trans ni a muchas de sus parejas masculinas.
Identifiants
pubmed: 35031891
doi: 10.1007/s10461-021-03555-8
pii: 10.1007/s10461-021-03555-8
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
2091-2098Subventions
Organisme : CDC HHS
ID : NU62PS005077
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIH HHS
ID : R01MD010678
Pays : United States
Organisme : CDC HHS
ID : NU62PS005077
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIH HHS
ID : R01MD010678
Pays : United States
Informations de copyright
© 2021. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.
Références
Baral SD, Poteat T, Strömdahl S, Wirtz AL, Guadamuz TE, Beyrer C. Worldwide burden of HIV in transgender women: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Infect Dis. 2013;13(3):214–22.
doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(12)70315-8
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. HIV Infection, Risk, Prevention, and Testing Behaviors Among Transgender Women—National HIV Behavioral Surveillance, 7 U.S. Cities, 2019–2020. [Internet]. 2021 Apr [cited 2021 Apr 29]. Report No.: HIV Surveillance Special Report 27. http://www.cdc.gov/hiv/library/reports/hiv-surveillance.html
Auerbach JD, Moran L, Watson C, Weber S, Keatley J, Sevelius J. We are all women: barriers and facilitators to inclusion of transgender women in HIV treatment and support services designed for cisgender women. AIDS Patient Care STDs. 2020;34(9):392–8.
doi: 10.1089/apc.2020.0056
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. HIV Surveillance Report, 2018 (Updated) [Internet]. 2020 May [cited 2020 Feb 27]. Report No.: vol 31. http://www.cdc.gov/hiv/library/reports/hiv-surveillance.html
Truong H-HM, O’Keefe KJ, Pipkin S, Liegler T, Scheer S, Wilson E, et al. How are transgender women acquiring HIV? Insights from phylogenetic transmission clusters in San Francisco. AIDS. 2019;33(13):2073–9.
doi: 10.1097/QAD.0000000000002318
Sevelius JM, Keatley J, Calma N, Arnold E. “I am not a man”: Trans-specific barriers and facilitators to PrEP acceptability among transgender women. Glob Public Health. 2016;11(7–8):1060–75.
doi: 10.1080/17441692.2016.1154085
Weir SS, Baral SD, Edwards JK, Zadrozny S, Hargreaves J, Zhao J, et al. Opportunities for enhanced strategic use of surveys, medical records, and program data for HIV surveillance of key populations: scoping review. JMIR Public Health Surveill. 2018;4(2):e28.
doi: 10.2196/publichealth.8042
Rapues J, Wilson EC, Packer T, Colfax GN, Raymond HF. Correlates of HIV infection among transfemales, San Francisco, 2010: results from a respondent-driven sampling study. Am J Public Health. 2013;103(8):1485–92.
doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2012.301109
Scheer JR, Pachankis JE. Psychosocial syndemic risks surrounding physical health conditions among sexual and gender minority individuals. LGBT Health. 2019;6(8):377–85.
doi: 10.1089/lgbt.2019.0025
McFarland W, Wesson P, Turner C, Lin J, Veras MASM, Yan H, et al. High HIV incidence among young and racial/ethnic minority transgender women in San Francisco: results of a longitudinal cohort study. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr (1999). 2020;84(1):e7-10.
doi: 10.1097/QAI.0000000000002315
Mimiaga MJ, Hughto JMW, Biello KB, Santostefano CM, Kuhns LM, Reisner SL, et al. Longitudinal analysis of syndemic psychosocial problems predicting HIV risk behavior among a multicity prospective cohort of sexually active young transgender women in the United States. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr (1999). 2019;81(2):184–92.
doi: 10.1097/QAI.0000000000002009
Ragonnet-Cronin M, Hu YW, Morris SR, Sheng Z, Poortinga K, Wertheim JO. HIV transmission networks among transgender women in Los Angeles County, CA, USA: a phylogenetic analysis of surveillance data. Lancet HIV. 2019;6(3):e164–72.
doi: 10.1016/S2352-3018(18)30359-X
Poteat T, German D, Flynn C. The conflation of gender and sex: Gaps and opportunities in HIV data among transgender women and MSM. Glob Public Health. 2016;11(7–8):835–48.
doi: 10.1080/17441692.2015.1134615
Operario D, Nemoto T, Iwamoto M, Moore T. Risk for HIV and unprotected sexual behavior in male primary partners of transgender women. Arch Sex Behav. 2011;40(6):1255–61.
doi: 10.1007/s10508-011-9781-x
Gamarel KE, Reisner SL, Laurenceau J-P, Nemoto T, Operario D. Gender minority stress, mental health, and relationship quality: a dyadic investigation of transgender women and their cisgender male partners. J Fam Psychol. 2014;28(4):437–47.
doi: 10.1037/a0037171
Poteat T, Cooney E, Malik M, Restar A, Dangerfield DT, White J. HIV prevention among cisgender men who have sex with transgender women. AIDS Behav. 2021. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-021-03194-z .
doi: 10.1007/s10461-021-03194-z
pubmed: 33634354
Kaplan RL, Sevelius J, Ribeiro K. In the name of brevity: the problem with binary HIV risk categories. Glob Public Health. 2016;11(7–8):824–34.
doi: 10.1080/17441692.2015.1136346
Wirtz AL, Poteat TC, Malik M, Glass N. Gender-based violence against transgender people in the United States: a call for research and programming. Trauma Violence Abuse. 2020;21(2):227–41.
doi: 10.1177/1524838018757749
Blondeel K, de Vasconcelos S, García-Moreno C, Stephenson R, Temmerman M, Toskin I. Violence motivated by perception of sexual orientation and gender identity: a systematic review. Bull World Health Organ. 2018;96(1):29-41L.
doi: 10.2471/BLT.17.197251
Gyamerah A, Baguso G, Santiago-Rodriquez E, Sa’id A, Arayasirikul S, Lin J, et al. Experiences and factors associated with transphobic hate crimes among transgender women in the San Francisco Bay Area: comparisons across race. BMC Public Health.
San Francisco Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Queer & Intersex Violence Prevention Needs Assessment [Internet]. San Francisco, California: The San Francisco LGBT Center; 2018 [cited 2021 Apr 26]. https://www.sfcenter.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/violence-report-final.pdf
Human Rights Campaign Foundation. An Epidemic of Violence: Fatal Violence Against Transgender and Gender Non-conforming People in the United States in 2020 [Internet]. 2020 Nov [cited 2021 Mar 8]. https://www.hrc.org/resources/an-epidemic-of-violence-fatal-violence-against-transgender-and-gender-non-conforming-people-in-the-u-s-in-2020
Operario D, Nemoto T. HIV in transgender communities: syndemic dynamics and a need for multicomponent interventions. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr (1999). 2010;55(Suppl 2):S91-93.
doi: 10.1097/QAI.0b013e3181fbc9ec
Bukowski LA, Chandler CJ, Creasy SL, Matthews DD, Friedman MR, Stall RD. Characterizing the HIV care continuum and identifying barriers and facilitators to HIV diagnosis and viral suppression among black transgender women in the United States. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr (1999). 2018;79(4):413–20.
doi: 10.1097/QAI.0000000000001831
Herbst JH, Jacobs ED, Finlayson TJ, McKleroy VS, Neumann MS, Crepaz N, et al. Estimating HIV prevalence and risk behaviors of transgender persons in the United States: a systematic review. AIDS Behav. 2008;12(1):1–17.
doi: 10.1007/s10461-007-9299-3
Reback CJ, Fletcher JB. HIV prevalence, substance use, and sexual risk behaviors among transgender women recruited through outreach. AIDS Behav. 2014;18(7):1359–67.
doi: 10.1007/s10461-013-0657-z
Nemoto T, Operario D, Keatley J, Villegas D. Social context of HIV risk behaviours among male-to-female transgenders of colour. AIDS Care. 2004;16(6):724–35.
doi: 10.1080/09540120413331269567
Des Jarlais DC, McCarty D, Vega WA, Bramson H. HIV infection among people who inject drugs: the challenge of racial/ethnic disparities. Am Psychol. 2013;68(4):274–85.
doi: 10.1037/a0032745
Wilson EC, Chen Y-H, Arayasirikul S, Fisher M, Pomart WA, Le V, et al. Differential HIV risk for racial/ethnic minority trans*female youths and socioeconomic disparities in housing, residential stability, and education. Am J Public Health. 2015;105(Suppl 3):e41-47.
doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2014.302443