Pathophysiology of Lipid Droplets in Neuroglia.
astrocytes
lipid droplets
metabolic and oxidative stress
neuroglia
neurologic disorders
pathophysiology
Journal
Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)
ISSN: 2076-3921
Titre abrégé: Antioxidants (Basel)
Pays: Switzerland
ID NLM: 101668981
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
23 Dec 2021
23 Dec 2021
Historique:
received:
11
11
2021
revised:
16
12
2021
accepted:
17
12
2021
entrez:
21
1
2022
pubmed:
22
1
2022
medline:
22
1
2022
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
In recent years, increasing evidence regarding the functional importance of lipid droplets (LDs), cytoplasmic storage organelles in the central nervous system (CNS), has emerged. Although not abundantly present in the CNS under normal conditions in adulthood, LDs accumulate in the CNS during development and aging, as well as in some neurologic disorders. LDs are actively involved in cellular lipid turnover and stress response. By regulating the storage of excess fatty acids, cholesterol, and ceramides in addition to their subsequent release in response to cell needs and/or environmental stressors, LDs are involved in energy production, in the synthesis of membranes and signaling molecules, and in the protection of cells against lipotoxicity and free radicals. Accumulation of LDs in the CNS appears predominantly in neuroglia (astrocytes, microglia, oligodendrocytes, ependymal cells), which provide trophic, metabolic, and immune support to neuronal networks. Here we review the most recent findings on the characteristics and functions of LDs in neuroglia, focusing on astrocytes, the key homeostasis-providing cells in the CNS. We discuss the molecular mechanisms affecting LD turnover in neuroglia under stress and how this may protect neural cell function. We also highlight the role (and potential contribution) of neuroglial LDs in aging and in neurologic disorders.
Identifiants
pubmed: 35052526
pii: antiox11010022
doi: 10.3390/antiox11010022
pmc: PMC8773017
pii:
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Subventions
Organisme : Slovenian Research Agency
ID : P3-0310, J3-2523
Organisme : European Cooperation in Science and Technology
ID : CA18133
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