A school-based program to prevent depressive symptoms and strengthen well-being among pre-vocational students (Happy Lessons): protocol for a cluster randomized controlled trial and implementation study.
Adolescents
Depression prevention
Integrated universal and indicated prevention
Pre-vocational
School-based intervention
Well-being promotion
Journal
BMC public health
ISSN: 1471-2458
Titre abrégé: BMC Public Health
Pays: England
ID NLM: 100968562
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
20 01 2022
20 01 2022
Historique:
received:
17
11
2021
accepted:
26
11
2021
entrez:
21
1
2022
pubmed:
22
1
2022
medline:
19
4
2022
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Depression is one of the leading causes of illness and disability among young people. In the Netherlands, one in twelve Dutch adolescents has experienced depression in the last 12 months. Pre-vocational students are at higher risk for elevated depressive symptoms. Effective interventions, especially for this risk group, are therefore needed to prevent the onset of depression or mitigate the adverse long-term effects of depression. The aim of this study is to examine the effectiveness and implementation of a school-based program Happy Lessons (HL), that aims to prevent depression and promote well-being among pre-vocational students. A cluster randomized controlled trial (RCT) with students randomized to HL or to care as usual will be conducted. Pre-vocational students in their first or second year (aged 12 to 14) will participate in the study. Subjects in both conditions will complete assessments at baseline and at 3- and 6-months follow-up. The primary outcome will be depressive symptoms using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) at 6-months follow-up. Secondary outcomes are well-being using the Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale (WEMWBS) and life satisfaction (Cantril Ladder) measured at 6-months follow-up. Alongside the trial, an implementation study will be conducted to evaluate the implementation of HL, using both quantitative and qualitative methods (interviews, survey, and classroom observations). The results from both the RCT and implementation study will contribute to the limited evidence base on effective school-based interventions for the prevention of depression and promotion of well-being among pre-vocational adolescents. In addition, insights from the implementation study will aid identifying factors relevant for optimizing the future implementation and scale-up of HL to other schools and contexts. This study was registered on 20 September 2021 in the Dutch Trial Register ( NL9732 ).
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
Depression is one of the leading causes of illness and disability among young people. In the Netherlands, one in twelve Dutch adolescents has experienced depression in the last 12 months. Pre-vocational students are at higher risk for elevated depressive symptoms. Effective interventions, especially for this risk group, are therefore needed to prevent the onset of depression or mitigate the adverse long-term effects of depression. The aim of this study is to examine the effectiveness and implementation of a school-based program Happy Lessons (HL), that aims to prevent depression and promote well-being among pre-vocational students.
METHODS
A cluster randomized controlled trial (RCT) with students randomized to HL or to care as usual will be conducted. Pre-vocational students in their first or second year (aged 12 to 14) will participate in the study. Subjects in both conditions will complete assessments at baseline and at 3- and 6-months follow-up. The primary outcome will be depressive symptoms using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) at 6-months follow-up. Secondary outcomes are well-being using the Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale (WEMWBS) and life satisfaction (Cantril Ladder) measured at 6-months follow-up. Alongside the trial, an implementation study will be conducted to evaluate the implementation of HL, using both quantitative and qualitative methods (interviews, survey, and classroom observations).
DISCUSSION
The results from both the RCT and implementation study will contribute to the limited evidence base on effective school-based interventions for the prevention of depression and promotion of well-being among pre-vocational adolescents. In addition, insights from the implementation study will aid identifying factors relevant for optimizing the future implementation and scale-up of HL to other schools and contexts.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
This study was registered on 20 September 2021 in the Dutch Trial Register ( NL9732 ).
Identifiants
pubmed: 35057774
doi: 10.1186/s12889-021-12321-3
pii: 10.1186/s12889-021-12321-3
pmc: PMC8772193
doi:
Types de publication
Clinical Trial Protocol
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
139Informations de copyright
© 2022. The Author(s).
Références
Health Econ. 2008 Nov;17(11):1215-35
pubmed: 18157910
Behav Res Ther. 2017 Nov;98:39-57
pubmed: 27865431
Psychol Bull. 1997 Jan;121(1):3-19
pubmed: 9000890
J Abnorm Child Psychol. 2016 Jul;44(5):949-61
pubmed: 26404640
Am Psychol. 2007 Feb-Mar;62(2):95-108
pubmed: 17324035
Soc Indic Res. 2012 Jan;105(1):145-160
pubmed: 22207777
Pediatrics. 2009 Oct;124(4):e596-605
pubmed: 19736259
J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2006 Jan;45(1):8-25
pubmed: 16327577
Depress Anxiety. 2017 Mar;34(3):267-280
pubmed: 28060463
BMC Psychiatry. 2010 Dec 30;10:113
pubmed: 21192795
Health Promot Int. 2011 Dec;26 Suppl 1:i29-69
pubmed: 22079935
Adm Policy Ment Health. 2011 Mar;38(2):65-76
pubmed: 20957426
Br J Educ Psychol. 2006 Dec;76(Pt 4):781-801
pubmed: 17094886
CBE Life Sci Educ. 2018 Sep;17(3):rm2
pubmed: 30142053
World Psychiatry. 2007 Oct;6(3):168-76
pubmed: 18188442
World J Psychiatry. 2017 Mar 22;7(1):60-76
pubmed: 28401049
SSM Popul Health. 2016 Apr 18;2:217-225
pubmed: 29349141
Eur J Sport Sci. 2014;14(5):484-91
pubmed: 24382207
Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2008 Feb;17(1):32-8
pubmed: 17876508
Int J Surg. 2011;9(8):672-7
pubmed: 22019563
J Consult Clin Psychol. 2006 Jun;74(3):401-15
pubmed: 16822098
Clin Psychol Rev. 2017 Feb;51:30-47
pubmed: 27821267
J Abnorm Child Psychol. 2006 Aug;34(4):527-43
pubmed: 16838122
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2002 Oct;156(10):1009-14
pubmed: 12361447
J Affect Disord. 2010 May;122(3):213-7
pubmed: 19706357
BMC Public Health. 2011 Jun 21;11:487
pubmed: 21693055
J Sch Health. 2014 Dec;84(12):819-43
pubmed: 25388599
Public Health. 2018 Aug;161:29-32
pubmed: 29859375
Pediatrics. 2013 Mar;131(3):e702-8
pubmed: 23400608
Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2002 Mar;59(3):225-31
pubmed: 11879160
Psychol Med. 2015 Jan;45(2):345-60
pubmed: 25066533
Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2003 Jul;60(7):709-17
pubmed: 12860775
Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2007 Nov 27;5:63
pubmed: 18042300
Qual Life Res. 2000;9(9):1015-29
pubmed: 11332223
Med J Aust. 2007 Oct 1;187(S7):S35-9
pubmed: 17908023
Child Youth Serv Rev. 2014 Apr 1;39:101-107
pubmed: 25132696
Lancet. 2011 Jun 18;377(9783):2093-102
pubmed: 21652063
Psychol Bull. 2005 Nov;131(6):925-971
pubmed: 16351329
Nord J Psychiatry. 2011 Dec;65(6):354-64
pubmed: 21770842
Am Psychol. 2005 Jul-Aug;60(5):410-21
pubmed: 16045394
J Consult Clin Psychol. 2009 Jun;77(3):486-503
pubmed: 19485590
Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2005 Jan;62(1):66-72
pubmed: 15630074