An observational assessment of the safety of mass drug administration for trachoma in Ethiopian children.
airway obstruction
azithromycin
mass drug administration
pharmacovigilance
program evaluation
trachoma
Journal
Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
ISSN: 1878-3503
Titre abrégé: Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg
Pays: England
ID NLM: 7506129
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
02 10 2022
02 10 2022
Historique:
received:
29
09
2021
revised:
08
12
2021
accepted:
28
01
2022
pubmed:
3
2
2022
medline:
5
10
2022
entrez:
2
2
2022
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
The International Trachoma Initiative (ITI) provides azithromycin for mass drug administration (MDA) to eliminate trachoma as a public health problem. Azithromycin is given as tablets for adults and powder for oral suspension (POS) is recommended for children aged <7 y, children <120 cm in height (regardless of age) or anyone who reports difficulty in swallowing tablets. An observational assessment of MDA for trachoma was conducted to determine the frequency with which children aged 6 mo through 14 y received the recommended dose and form of azithromycin according to current dosing guidelines and to assess risk factors for choking and adverse swallowing events (ASEs). MDA was observed in three regions of Ethiopia and data were collected on azithromycin administration and ASEs. A total of 6477 azithromycin administrations were observed; 97.9% of children received the exact recommended dose. Of children aged 6 mo to <7 y or <120 cm in height, 99.6% received POS. One child experienced choking and 132 (2%) experienced ≥1 ASEs. Factors significantly associated with ASEs included age 6-11 mo or 1-6 y, non-calm demeanor and requiring coaxing prior to drug administration. There is a high level of adherence to the revised azithromycin dosing guidelines and low incidence of choking and ASEs.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
The International Trachoma Initiative (ITI) provides azithromycin for mass drug administration (MDA) to eliminate trachoma as a public health problem. Azithromycin is given as tablets for adults and powder for oral suspension (POS) is recommended for children aged <7 y, children <120 cm in height (regardless of age) or anyone who reports difficulty in swallowing tablets. An observational assessment of MDA for trachoma was conducted to determine the frequency with which children aged 6 mo through 14 y received the recommended dose and form of azithromycin according to current dosing guidelines and to assess risk factors for choking and adverse swallowing events (ASEs).
METHODS
MDA was observed in three regions of Ethiopia and data were collected on azithromycin administration and ASEs.
RESULTS
A total of 6477 azithromycin administrations were observed; 97.9% of children received the exact recommended dose. Of children aged 6 mo to <7 y or <120 cm in height, 99.6% received POS. One child experienced choking and 132 (2%) experienced ≥1 ASEs. Factors significantly associated with ASEs included age 6-11 mo or 1-6 y, non-calm demeanor and requiring coaxing prior to drug administration.
CONCLUSIONS
There is a high level of adherence to the revised azithromycin dosing guidelines and low incidence of choking and ASEs.
Identifiants
pubmed: 35106593
pii: 6519840
doi: 10.1093/trstmh/trac006
pmc: PMC9526842
doi:
Substances chimiques
Anti-Bacterial Agents
0
Powders
0
Azithromycin
83905-01-5
Types de publication
Journal Article
Observational Study
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
917-923Informations de copyright
© The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.
Références
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2017 Dec;97(6):1851-1856
pubmed: 29016336
PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2018 Jun 22;12(6):e0006578
pubmed: 29933362
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Feb 17;18(4):
pubmed: 33671293