Decreased hepatitis B virus vaccine response among HIV-positive infants compared with HIV-negative infants in Botswana.
Botswana
/ epidemiology
Cross-Sectional Studies
Female
HIV Infections
/ complications
HIV Seropositivity
Hepatitis B
/ prevention & control
Hepatitis B Antibodies
Hepatitis B Surface Antigens
Hepatitis B virus
Humans
Infant
Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical
/ prevention & control
Retrospective Studies
Viral Vaccines
Journal
AIDS (London, England)
ISSN: 1473-5571
Titre abrégé: AIDS
Pays: England
ID NLM: 8710219
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
01 05 2022
01 05 2022
Historique:
pubmed:
4
2
2022
medline:
6
5
2022
entrez:
3
2
2022
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
We sought to determine vaccine antibody titres and the prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) in both HIV-positive and HIV-negative infants born to HIV-positive mothers in Botswana. This was a retrospective cross-sectional study using 449 archived dried blood spot samples from both HIV-positive and HIV-negative infants collected between 2016 and 2018. We screened dried blood spot samples for HBsAg and determined hepatitis B surface antibody titres. We determined hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotypes by amplifying 415 base-pairs of the surface region. HIV-positive infants mounted a significantly lower immune response to the HBV vaccine (P < 0.001). Furthermore, a lower proportion of HIV-positive infants had protective hepatitis B surface antibody titres (74.5%) than HIV-negative infants (89.2%) (P < 0.001). HIV-positive infants were older and 50.9% of them had completed vaccination (P = 0.018). Of the 449 infant samples tested, three (0.67%) were positive for HBsAg. Of the three HBsAg-positive infants, two had protective titres (>10 mIU/ml). Two of the three HBV-positive infants were infected with genotype D3 and had no drug-resistance or escape mutations. Vaccine response was lower among HIV-positive infants compared with HIV-negative infants. HBV infections were observed in both HIV-positive and HIV-negative infants in Botswana. Studies to investigate additional preventive strategies to reduce HBV mother-to-child transmission are recommended.
Identifiants
pubmed: 35113045
doi: 10.1097/QAD.0000000000003183
pii: 00002030-202205010-00001
pmc: PMC7614825
mid: EMS181488
doi:
Substances chimiques
Hepatitis B Antibodies
0
Hepatitis B Surface Antigens
0
Viral Vaccines
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
755-762Subventions
Organisme : Wellcome Trust
Pays : United Kingdom
Organisme : Wellcome Trust
ID : 218770
Pays : United Kingdom
Organisme : Wellcome Trust
ID : 218770/Z/191Z
Pays : United Kingdom
Organisme : Wellcome Trust
ID : 107752/Z/15/Z
Pays : United Kingdom
Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2022 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.
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