Interrogating the interplay of angiogenesis and immunity in metastatic colorectal cancer.
Angiogenesis
Circulating tumor cells
Colorectal cancer
Crosstalk
Immunity
MicroRNAs
Microvascular density
Vascular endothelial growth factor
Journal
World journal of methodology
ISSN: 2222-0682
Titre abrégé: World J Methodol
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 101628739
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
20 Jan 2022
20 Jan 2022
Historique:
received:
30
05
2021
revised:
17
08
2021
accepted:
28
12
2021
entrez:
4
2
2022
pubmed:
5
2
2022
medline:
5
2
2022
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Colon cancer is the third most common malignancy and the fifth most frequent cause of death from neoplastic disease worldwide. At the time of diagnosis, more than 20% of patients already have metastatic disease. In the last 20 years, the natural course of the disease has changed due to major changes in the management of metastatic disease such as the advent of novel surgical and local therapy approaches as well as the introduction of novel chemotherapy drugs and targeted agents such as anti-epidermal growth factor receptor, anti-BRAF and antiangiogenics. Angiogenesis is a complex biological process of new vessel formation from existing ones and is an integral component of tumor progression supporting cancer cells to grow, proliferate and metastasize. Many molecules are involved in this proangiogenic process, such as vascular endothelial growth factor and its receptors on endothelial cells. A well-standardized methodology that is applied to assess angiogenesis in the tumor microenvironment is microvascular density by using immunohistochemistry with antibodies against endothelial CD31, CD34 and CD105 antigens. Even smaller molecules, such as the microRNAs, which are small non-coding RNAs, are being studied for their usefulness as surrogate biomarkers of angiogenesis and prognosis. In this review, we will discuss recent advances regarding the investigation of angiogenesis, the crosstalk between elements of the immune microenvironment and angiogenesis and how a disorganized tumor vessel network affects the trafficking of CD8+ T cells in the tumor bed. Furthermore, we will present recent data from clinical trials that combine antiangiogenic therapies with immune checkpoint inhibitors in colorectal cancer.
Identifiants
pubmed: 35117981
doi: 10.5662/wjm.v12.i1.43
pmc: PMC8790311
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Pagination
43-53Informations de copyright
©The Author(s) 2022. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
Conflict-of-interest statement: All authors declare no conflicts-of interest related to this article.
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