Widespread kidney anomalies in children with Down syndrome.
CAKUT
Down syndrome
Kidney anomalies
Kidney size
Trisomy 21
Journal
Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany)
ISSN: 1432-198X
Titre abrégé: Pediatr Nephrol
Pays: Germany
ID NLM: 8708728
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
10 2022
10 2022
Historique:
received:
13
06
2021
accepted:
27
12
2021
revised:
25
12
2021
pubmed:
5
2
2022
medline:
25
8
2022
entrez:
4
2
2022
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Rare autopsy studies have described smaller kidneys as well as urinary tract anomalies in Down syndrome. This observation has never been investigated in vivo and little is known about the possible consequences upon kidney function. Here we wish to confirm whether children with Down syndrome have smaller kidneys and to evaluate their kidney function in vivo. This retrospective cohort study enrolled 49 children with Down syndrome, as well as 49 age- and sex-matched controls at the Queen Fabiola Children's University Hospital in Brussels, Belgium. Doppler and kidney ultrasonography, spot urine albumin to creatinine ratio, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and anthropometric data were recorded. Kidney size in children with Down syndrome was smaller than age- and sex-matched controls in terms of length (p < 0.001) and volume (p < 0.001). Kidney function based on eGFR was also decreased in Down syndrome compared to historical normal. Twenty-one of the children with Down syndrome (42%) had eGFR < 90 mL/min/1.73 m Children with Down syndrome have significantly smaller kidneys than age-matched controls as well as evidence of decreased kidney function. These findings, in addition to well-noted increased kidney and urologic anomalies, highlight the need for universal anatomical and functional assessment of all individuals with Down syndrome. A higher resolution version of the Graphical abstract is available as Supplementary information.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
Rare autopsy studies have described smaller kidneys as well as urinary tract anomalies in Down syndrome. This observation has never been investigated in vivo and little is known about the possible consequences upon kidney function. Here we wish to confirm whether children with Down syndrome have smaller kidneys and to evaluate their kidney function in vivo.
METHODS
This retrospective cohort study enrolled 49 children with Down syndrome, as well as 49 age- and sex-matched controls at the Queen Fabiola Children's University Hospital in Brussels, Belgium. Doppler and kidney ultrasonography, spot urine albumin to creatinine ratio, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and anthropometric data were recorded.
RESULTS
Kidney size in children with Down syndrome was smaller than age- and sex-matched controls in terms of length (p < 0.001) and volume (p < 0.001). Kidney function based on eGFR was also decreased in Down syndrome compared to historical normal. Twenty-one of the children with Down syndrome (42%) had eGFR < 90 mL/min/1.73 m
CONCLUSIONS
Children with Down syndrome have significantly smaller kidneys than age-matched controls as well as evidence of decreased kidney function. These findings, in addition to well-noted increased kidney and urologic anomalies, highlight the need for universal anatomical and functional assessment of all individuals with Down syndrome. A higher resolution version of the Graphical abstract is available as Supplementary information.
Identifiants
pubmed: 35118542
doi: 10.1007/s00467-022-05455-y
pii: 10.1007/s00467-022-05455-y
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
2361-2368Informations de copyright
© 2022. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to International Pediatric Nephrology Association.
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